| _version_ |
1828461246316281856
|
| author |
Καραγεώργου, Ιωάννα
|
| author2 |
Μακρής, Δημήτριος
|
| author_facet |
Μακρής, Δημήτριος
Καραγεώργου, Ιωάννα
|
| author_sort |
Καραγεώργου, Ιωάννα
|
| collection |
DSpace
|
| description |
Σε συνεργασία με το τμήμα Τεχνολογίας τροφίμων του Τ.Ε.Ι Θεσσαλίας
|
| id |
oai:hellanicus.lib.aegean.gr:11610-20645
|
| institution |
Hellanicus
|
| language |
English
|
| publishDate |
2020
|
| record_format |
dspace
|
| spelling |
oai:hellanicus.lib.aegean.gr:11610-206452020-05-06T07:10:09Z Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture. Καραγεώργου, Ιωάννα Μακρής, Δημήτριος moringa oleifera cyclodextrins solvent extraction - moringa oleifera εκχύλιση κυκλοδεξτρίνη μίγματα διαλυτών Moringa oleifera (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98005164) Cyclodextrins (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035079) Solvents (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124746) Solvent extraction (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124745) Σε συνεργασία με το τμήμα Τεχνολογίας τροφίμων του Τ.Ε.Ι Θεσσαλίας M. oleifera is native tree found in the Himalayan, widely known because of its significant nutritional and pharmacological properties. In this study, for the first time M. oleifera tree was cultivated in Greece and was studied for its nutrition value. In M.ο leaves was found high concentration of proteins, amino acids total phenols and flavonols. It is considered a rich source of lipids, ash, minerals, carotenoids, and vitamins C and E. The herbal tea was high in total phenols and flavonols. Subsequently, the extraction of polyphenols from M. oleifera leaves was investigated, using a biomolecule-based low-transition temperature mixture (LTTM). The first step was to optimise LTTM concentration (CLTTM) the molar ratio (Rmol) of glycerol-to-sodium acetate and to assess the effect of temperature. A maximum yield in total polyphenols was achieved using a CLTTM = 80% (w/v) and a Rmol = 6 while, in a comparative evaluation using 80% ethanol showed that the LTTM used was significantly more efficient in extracting polyphenols and flavonoids, yielding extracts with higher reducing power. These newly synthesized LTTM with optimized composition were used to evaluate the effect of β-cyclodextrin (CD) on the efficiency of polyphenol extraction from M. oleifera leaves (MoL). The process developed to assess the simultaneous effect of CD concentration (CCD), liquid-to-solid ratio (RL/S) and temperature (T). Under optimized conditions (CCD = 1%, RL/S = 40 mL g-1, T = 40 °C), the yield in total polyphenols (YTP) was 67.18±5.04mg GAE g-1 DW. This value was significantly higher than that determined for the extraction performed with LTTM alone or 80% aqueous ethanol. The extraction rate was slowed down in the presence of CD, yet the higher extraction capacity of the LTTM/CD medium was confirmed but demonstrated that there was no selective extraction of any particular polyphenol, suggesting that CD acted merely as an extraction booster. Polyphenol-containing extracts from MoL were obtained using LTTM and a combination of LTTM/CD were stored at various temperatures for a period of 18 days. The antiradical activity (AAR) displayed a constant decline while, the presence of HP-β-CD, slow down this progression decline. The use of liquid chromatography-diode array-mass spectrometry showed that after storage for 18 days at 50 °C, the major quercetin glycosides occurring in MoL suffered extended degradation. TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4 ABSTRACT 6 ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS 8 LIST OF TABLES 14 LIST OF FIGURES 15 ABBREVIATIONS 17 NOMENCLATURE 18 CHAPTER 1 19 LITERATURE REVIEW 19 1.1 Moringa oleifera Lam. – Taxonomy and occurrence 20 1.1.1 Family Moringaceae 20 1.1.2 Taxonomy of Moringa spp 20 1.1.3 Origin and distribution 20 1.1.4 Other names 21 1.1.5 Plant occurence 21 1.1.6 Morphology 22 1.1.7 Climate and soil requirements 23 1.1.8 Varietes 23 1.1.9 Uses 23 1.2 Composition and biological properties of M. oleifera Lam. Leaves 26 1.2.1 Nutritive value of Moringa oleifera leaves and comparison with common foods 27 1.2.2 Pharmacological activity 32 1.2.3 Medicinal value of Moringa oleifera leaves 32 1.3 Polyphenolic profile of M. oleifera Lam. leaves 37 1.3.1 Flavonoids 38 1.3.2 Phenolic acids 40 1.3.3 Alkaloids 41 1.3.4 Glucosinolates and Isothiocyanates 42 1.3.5 Tannins 44 1.3.6 Saponins 44 1.3.7 Oxalates and Phytates 44 1.4 Low-transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) -Composition and properties 45 1.4.1 Environmental Aspects 46 1.4.2 Properties of Deep Eutectic Solvent and Low-Melting Mixtures 47 1.5 Extraction of polyphenols with LTTMs 50 1.6 The use of cyclodextrins as polyphenol extraction enhancers 53 1.6.1 Structure and characteristics 53 1.6.2 Cyclodextrin as polyphenol extraction enhancer 55 1.7 Aims and objectives 57 References 58 CHAPTER 2 69 NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF LEAVES AND HERBAL TEA OF Moringa oleifera CULTIVATED IN GREECE 69 Abstract 69 2.1 Introduction 70 2.2 Materials and methods 70 2.2.1 Plant material 70 2.2.2 Analysis of proteins and amino acids 71 2.2.3 Determination of total phenol and flavonol content 72 2.2.4 Extraction and analysis of lipid phase 73 2.2.5 Ash content and mineral analysis 74 2.2.6 Carotenoids analysis 74 2.2.7 Vitamin C 74 2.2.8 Vitamin E 74 2.2.9 Determination of dietary fiber content 75 2.2.10 Brewing of herbal tea 75 2.2.11 Determination of antioxidant activity of herbal tea 75 2.2.12 Statistical analysis 75 2.3 Results 75 2.3.1 Proteins and amino acids 75 2.3.2 Determination of total phenol and flavonol content 76 2.3.3 Extraction and analysis of lipid phase 76 2.3.4 Ash content and mineral analysis 76 2.3.5 Dietary fiber and carbohydrates 77 2.3.7 Vitamins C and E 78 2.3.8 Brewing and analysis of herbal tea 78 2.4 Discussion 78 2.4.1 Proteins and amino acids 78 2.4.2 Total phenol and flavonol content 79 2.4.3 Lipids 80 2.4.4 Ash content and minerals 80 2.4.5 Dietary fiber and carbohydrates 81 2.4.6 Carotenoid content 82 2.4.7 Vitamins C and E 82 2.4.8 Comparative nutritional facts 83 2.4.9 Brewing and analysis of herbal tea 83 References 84 CHAPTER 3 89 ENHANCED EXTRACTION OF ANTIOXIDANT POLYPHENOLS FROM Moringa oleifera LAM. LEAVES USING A BIOMOLECULE‑BASED LOW‑TRANSITION TEMPERATURE MIXTURE 89 Abstract 89 3.1 Introduction 90 3.2 Materials and methods 91 3.2.1 Chemicals 91 3.2.2 Preparation of the LTTMs 92 3.2.3 Plant material 92 3.2.4 Experimental design 92 3.2.5 Temperature assay 94 3.2.6 Determinations 94 3.2.7 Qualitative liquid chromatography–diode array–mass spectrometry (LC–DAD–MS) 95 3.2.8 Statistics 95 3.3 Results and discussion 96 3.3.1 Optimisation of solvent composition 96 3.3.2 Extraction kinetics and temperature effects 97 3.3.3 Extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity 100 3.3.4 Characterisation of the polyphenolic profile 102 3.4 Conclusions 107 References 108 CHAPTER 4 114 INCORPORATION OF 2-HYDROXYPROPYL β-CYCLODEXTRIN IN A BIOMOLECULE-BASED LOW-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE MIXTURE (LTTM) BOOSTS EFFICIENCY OF POLYPHENOL EXTRACTION FROM Moringa oleifera LAM LEAVES 114 Abstract 114 4.1 Introduction 115 4.2 Materials and methods 116 4.2.1 Chemicals and Reagents 116 4.2.2 Plant material and LTTM preparation 116 4.2.3 Batch extraction process 117 4.2.4 Experimental Design 117 4.2.5 Extraction kinetics 120 4.2.6 Determinations 120 4.2.7 Qualitative liquid chromatography-diode array-mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS) 121 4.2.8 Statistical Analyses 121 4.3 Results and discussion 121 4.3.1 Extraction optimisation 121 4.3.2 Extraction kinetics 125 4.3.3 Model evaluation and efficiency testing 127 4.3.4 Extract characterisation 129 4.4 Conclusions 131 References 133 CHAPTER 5 138 THE EFFECT OF 2-HYDROXYPROPYL β-CYCLODEXTRIN ON THE STABILITY OF Moringa oleifera Lam LEAF EXTRACTS IN A NATURAL LOW-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE MIXTURE 138 Abstract 138 5.1 Introduction 139 5.2 Materials and methods 140 5.2.1 Chemicals and reagents 140 5.2.2 Preparation of the LTTM 140 5.2.3 Plant material 140 5.2.4 Batch extraction procedure and sample handling 140 5.2.5 Stability test 141 5.2.6 Determinations 141 5.2.7 Qualitative liquid chromatography-diode array-mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS) 141 5.2.8 Statistics 141 5.3 Results 141 5.3.1 Kinetics of AAR evolution and the effect of HP-β-CD 141 5.3.2 Modifications in the polyphenolic profile 144 5.4 Discussion 146 5.4.1 Kinetics of AAR evolution and the effect of HP-β-CD 146 5.4.2 Modifications in the polyphenolic profile 148 5.5 Conclusions 150 References 152 CHAPTER 6 156 GENERAL CONCLUSION 156 6.1 General conclusion 157 6.2 Recommendations for future work 158 APPENDIX 159 2020-05-05T12:13:56Z 2020-05-05T12:13:56Z 2018-01-15 http://hdl.handle.net/11610/20645 en Αναφορά Δημιουργού - Μη Εμπορική Χρήση - Παρόμοια Διανομή 4.0 Διεθνές http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ 230 σ. application/pdf Λήμνος
|
| spellingShingle |
moringa oleifera
cyclodextrins
solvent extraction - moringa oleifera
εκχύλιση
κυκλοδεξτρίνη
μίγματα διαλυτών
Moringa oleifera (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98005164)
Cyclodextrins (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035079)
Solvents (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124746)
Solvent extraction (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124745)
Καραγεώργου, Ιωάννα
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title |
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title_full |
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title_fullStr |
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title_full_unstemmed |
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title_short |
Extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture.
|
| title_sort |
extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from moringa oleifera leaves using a biomelecule based low transition temperature mixture
|
| topic |
moringa oleifera
cyclodextrins
solvent extraction - moringa oleifera
εκχύλιση
κυκλοδεξτρίνη
μίγματα διαλυτών
Moringa oleifera (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98005164)
Cyclodextrins (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035079)
Solvents (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124746)
Solvent extraction (URL: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124745)
|
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11610/20645
|
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT karageōrgouiōanna extractionofantioxidantpolyphenolsfrommoringaoleiferaleavesusingabiomeleculebasedlowtransitiontemperaturemixture
|