Academic Journal
The effect of carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, crossover trial
| Title: | The effect of carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, crossover trial |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Sterner Isaksson, Sofia, Ólafsdóttir, Arndís F., Ivarsson, Simon, Imberg, Henrik, 1991, Toft, Eva, Hallström, Sara, Rosenqvist, Ulf, Ekström, Marie, Lind, Marcus, 1976 |
| Source: | The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. 37 |
| Subject Terms: | Medical nutrition therapy, Carbohydrates, Glycaemic control, Continuous glucose monitoring, Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| Description: | Background: Few studies have examined the effects of lower carbohydrate diets on glucose control in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective of the study was to investigate whether a moderate carbohydrate diet improves glucose control in persons with T1D. Methods: A randomised, multicentre, open-label, crossover trial over 12 weeks. There were 69 individuals assessed for eligibility, 54 adults with T1D and HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) were randomised. Interventions were moderate carbohydrate diet versus traditional diet (30 vs 50% of total energy from carbohydrates) over four weeks, with a four-week wash-out period between treatments. Masked continuous glucose monitoring was used to evaluate effects on glucose control. The primary endpoint was the difference in mean glucose levels between the last 14 days of each diet phase. Findings: 50 individuals were included in the full analysis set with a mean baseline HbA1c of 69 mmol/mol (8.4%), BMI 29 kg/m2, age of 48 years, and 50% were female. The difference in mean glucose levels between moderate carbohydrate and traditional diet was −0.6 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.9 to −0.3, p < 0.001. Time in range increased during moderate carbohydrate diet by 4.7% (68 min/24 h) (95% CI 1.3 to 8.0), p = 0.008. Time above range (>10 mmol/L) decreased by 5.9% (85 min/24 h), 95% CI −9.6 to −2.2, p = 0.003. There were no significant differences in the standard deviation of glucose levels (95% CI −0.3 to 0.0 mmol/L, p = 0.15) or hypoglycaemia in the range <3.9 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 2.9%, p = 0.13) and <3.0 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 1.6%, p = 0.26). Four participants withdrew, none because of adverse events. There were no serious adverse events including severe hypoglycaemia and ketoacidosis. Mean ketone levels were 0.17 (SD 0.14) mmol/L during traditional and 0.18 (SD 0.13) mmol/L during moderate carbohydrate diet (p = 0.02). Interpretation: A moderate carbohydrate diet is associated with decreases in mean glucose levels and time above range and increases in time in range without increased risk of hypoglycaemia or ketoacidosis compared with a traditional diet in individuals with T1D. Funding: The Healthcare Board, Region Västra Götaland, The Dr P Håkansson Foundation and the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement [ALFGBG-966173]. |
| File Description: | electronic |
| Access URL: | https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239 https://research.chalmers.se/publication/539721 https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239/file/540239_Fulltext.pdf |
| Database: | SwePub |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: The effect of carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, crossover trial – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sterner+Isaksson%2C+Sofia%22">Sterner Isaksson, Sofia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ólafsdóttir%2C+Arndís+F%2E%22">Ólafsdóttir, Arndís F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ivarsson%2C+Simon%22">Ivarsson, Simon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Imberg%2C+Henrik%22">Imberg, Henrik</searchLink>, 1991<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Toft%2C+Eva%22">Toft, Eva</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hallström%2C+Sara%22">Hallström, Sara</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosenqvist%2C+Ulf%22">Rosenqvist, Ulf</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ekström%2C+Marie%22">Ekström, Marie</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lind%2C+Marcus%22">Lind, Marcus</searchLink>, 1976 – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <i>The Lancet Regional Health - Europe</i>. 37 – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+nutrition+therapy%22">Medical nutrition therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbohydrates%22">Carbohydrates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glycaemic+control%22">Glycaemic control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continuous+glucose+monitoring%22">Continuous glucose monitoring</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Type+1+diabetes+mellitus%22">Type 1 diabetes mellitus</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Description Group: Ab Data: Background: Few studies have examined the effects of lower carbohydrate diets on glucose control in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective of the study was to investigate whether a moderate carbohydrate diet improves glucose control in persons with T1D. Methods: A randomised, multicentre, open-label, crossover trial over 12 weeks. There were 69 individuals assessed for eligibility, 54 adults with T1D and HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) were randomised. Interventions were moderate carbohydrate diet versus traditional diet (30 vs 50% of total energy from carbohydrates) over four weeks, with a four-week wash-out period between treatments. Masked continuous glucose monitoring was used to evaluate effects on glucose control. The primary endpoint was the difference in mean glucose levels between the last 14 days of each diet phase. Findings: 50 individuals were included in the full analysis set with a mean baseline HbA1c of 69 mmol/mol (8.4%), BMI 29 kg/m2, age of 48 years, and 50% were female. The difference in mean glucose levels between moderate carbohydrate and traditional diet was −0.6 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.9 to −0.3, p < 0.001. Time in range increased during moderate carbohydrate diet by 4.7% (68 min/24 h) (95% CI 1.3 to 8.0), p = 0.008. Time above range (>10 mmol/L) decreased by 5.9% (85 min/24 h), 95% CI −9.6 to −2.2, p = 0.003. There were no significant differences in the standard deviation of glucose levels (95% CI −0.3 to 0.0 mmol/L, p = 0.15) or hypoglycaemia in the range <3.9 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 2.9%, p = 0.13) and <3.0 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 1.6%, p = 0.26). Four participants withdrew, none because of adverse events. There were no serious adverse events including severe hypoglycaemia and ketoacidosis. Mean ketone levels were 0.17 (SD 0.14) mmol/L during traditional and 0.18 (SD 0.13) mmol/L during moderate carbohydrate diet (p = 0.02). Interpretation: A moderate carbohydrate diet is associated with decreases in mean glucose levels and time above range and increases in time in range without increased risk of hypoglycaemia or ketoacidosis compared with a traditional diet in individuals with T1D. Funding: The Healthcare Board, Region Västra Götaland, The Dr P Håkansson Foundation and the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement [ALFGBG-966173]. – Name: Format Label: File Description Group: SrcInfo Data: electronic – Name: URL Label: Access URL Group: URL Data: <link linkTarget="URL" linkTerm="https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239" linkWindow="_blank">https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239</link><br /><link linkTarget="URL" linkTerm="https://research.chalmers.se/publication/539721" linkWindow="_blank">https://research.chalmers.se/publication/539721</link><br /><link linkTarget="URL" linkTerm="https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239/file/540239_Fulltext.pdf" linkWindow="_blank">https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540239/file/540239_Fulltext.pdf</link> |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100799 Languages: – Text: English Subjects: – SubjectFull: Medical nutrition therapy Type: general – SubjectFull: Carbohydrates Type: general – SubjectFull: Glycaemic control Type: general – SubjectFull: Continuous glucose monitoring Type: general – SubjectFull: Type 1 diabetes mellitus Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: The effect of carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, crossover trial Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sterner Isaksson, Sofia – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ólafsdóttir, Arndís F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ivarsson, Simon – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Imberg, Henrik – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Toft, Eva – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hallström, Sara – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rosenqvist, Ulf – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ekström, Marie – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lind, Marcus IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 26667762 – Type: issn-locals Value: SWEPUB_FREE – Type: issn-locals Value: CTH_SWEPUB Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 37 Titles: – TitleFull: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe Type: main |
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