Academic Journal
'Fire in Cairo': Authoritarian–Redistributive Social Contracts, Structural Change, and the Arab Spring
| Τίτλος: | 'Fire in Cairo': Authoritarian–Redistributive Social Contracts, Structural Change, and the Arab Spring |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Eric ROUGIER |
| Συνεισφορές: | Admin, Oskar |
| Πηγή: | World Development. 78:148-171 |
| Publication Status: | Preprint |
| Στοιχεία εκδότη: | Elsevier BV, 2016. |
| Έτος έκδοσης: | 2016 |
| Θεματικοί όροι: | Authoritarianism, Reform Process, Regional Economy, 7. Clean energy, Social Security, Middle East Political Economy Popular Protest, Export Diversification, 0502 economics and business, jel:O43, jel:P48, Cairo [Egypt], 05 social sciences, 1. No poverty, Structural Change, 16. Peace & justice, Political Economy, Socioeconomic Status, [QFIN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin], Economic Diversification, jel:I38, Redistribution, 8. Economic growth, jel:P16, Export, Egypt, jel:O14, Social contract, redistribution, authoritarianism, structural change, export diversification, export sophistication, political economy, Middle East and North Africa, inequality of opportunities, Social Contract, Middle East And North Africa |
| Περιγραφή: | Around 2011, several Middle-East and North-African (MENA) previously stable regimes have been challenged, sometimes violently, by unprecedented waves of civil protests. The so-called "Arab Springs" have generally been motivated by the growing gap between young adults' aspirations to climb up the social ladder and the dearth of socioeconomic opportunities consecutive to the slow pace of structural change featured by the economies of the region. The present paper argues that this slow pace of structural change, measured by export sophistication and diversification, may well be the consequence of the authoritarian-redistributive social contracts that were established after the Independence and were subsequently only marginally reformed. MENA social contracts are generally described as political bargains by which socioeconomic security, based on high levels of redistribution and state control of the economy, were traded against the absence of political freedom. We show in this paper that although redistribution and political authoritarianism have an impact on structural change, by their own, their combination certainly explains the deficit of structural transformation of MENA economies. More specifically, we provide cross-sectional and dynamic-panel evidence that the positive impact of redistribution on structural change, measured by export diversification and sophistication, vanishes for the very high levels of authoritarianism characterizing the MENA region. Our results hold for different specifications of the estimated equations and of the social contract variable, as well as when endogeneity issues are addressed. The paper finally describes the political economy that sustained, over the last three decades, this combination of political authoritarianism and slow productive diversification and sophistication throughout the region, before explaining how these features could well have inhibited the political capacities and willingness of most MENA incumbent regimes to reform the social contract in a radical and timely manner. |
| Τύπος εγγράφου: | Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| ISSN: | 0305-750X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.005 |
| Σύνδεσμος πρόσβασης: | http://cahiersdugretha.u-bordeaux.fr/2014/2014-22.pdf https://hal.science/hal-02486350v1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.005 https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:78:y:2016:i:c:p:148-171 https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/wdevel/v78y2016icp148-171.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X15002272 http://cahiersdugretha.u-bordeaux4.fr/2014/2014-22.pdf |
| Rights: | Elsevier TDM |
| Αριθμός Καταχώρησης: | edsair.doi.dedup.....97ebda2afe78b6042dcef85e6f2a7572 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | OpenAIRE |
| ISSN: | 0305750X |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.005 |