Report
Герминогенные гормон-продуцирующие опухоли яичников (обзор)
| Title: | Герминогенные гормон-продуцирующие опухоли яичников (обзор) |
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| Publisher Information: | Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время, 2018. |
| Publication Year: | 2018 |
| Subject Terms: | герминогенные опухоли яичников, гормон-продуцирующие опухоли яичников, гормонально активные опухоли яичников, иммуногистохимические маркеры опухоли яичников, молекулярные маркеры опухоли яичников, germinogenic ovarian tumors, hormone-producing ovarian tumors, hormonally active ovarian tumors, immunohisto- chemical tumors markers for ovarian cancer, molecular tumor markers for ovarian cancer, 3. Good health |
| Description: | Germinogenic hormone-producing ovarian tumors are quite rare phenomenon (2–3% of all malignant tumors of the ovary), but their early diagnosis is acutely urgent problem since these tumors differ in an asymptomatic course, large degree of malignancy, rapid growth rate, early spread to nearby organs and metastasis, including metastatic spreading into visceral organs. Since in 2013, the WHO revised its classification of germ cell hormone-producing ovarian tumors, we found it useful to make a review of researches in this field, including both the most interesting works before 2013 and the most recent publications (like any scientific review, this one required the use of problem, source and comparative analysis, as well as the classification method). We wrote review of recent scientific literature based not only on the clinical course, but also on histological, molecular and immunohistochemical diagnostic tips, which are important for reliable diagnostics. Thus, we have examined in detail the studies of monodermal teratomas (ovarian goiter and carcinoid tumors), immature germ cell tumors (immature teratoma, dysgerminoma, choriocarcinoma, embryonic carcinoma) and malignant tumors of mixed germ cells, or polyembryoma. For each type of tumors, we isolated and represent descriptions of tumor growth relationship with patient's phenotype and, most crucially, molecular and immunohistochemical markers. So, our review made it possible to attribute as key diagnostic methods not only morphological, but also immunohistochemical research. In cases of hormonally active ovarian tumors, scholars give a high status to molecular diagnostics. Thus, the BRAF mutation is crucial for ovarian goiter, staining for thyreoglobulin is positive in the cytoplasm of follicular cells, and for TTF-1 in the nuclei of tumor cells. Chromogranin and synaptophysin are the most useful immunohistochemical dyes for detecting carcinoid tumors. In a quarter of cases of dysherminomas, researchers detected c-KIT mutations, they describe CD117, D2-40 and placental alkaline phosphatase as the main dyes. Sources indicate that choriocarcinoma is positively stained for hCG, keratin, hPL and inhibin, embryonic carcinoma is positively stained for nuclear markers OCT-4, SALL-4 and SOX-2, as well as positive CK, PLAP and NSE, but negative for EMA. This review allowed us to conclude that the minimal histochemical study is highly specific and sensitive, which makes it possible to use it as the method of choice for the diagnosis of hormone-producing ovarian tumors. The use of such complex approach provides for timely diagnosis, as well as assessment of the disease prognosis and possibility of disease-free survival. Герминогенные гормон-продуцирующие опухоли яичников встречаются относительно редко (2—3% от всех злокачественных опухолей яичника), но вопросы их ранней диагностики стоят наиболее актуально в связи с тем, что данные опухоли отличаются бессимптомным течением, выраженной степенью злокачественности, быстрым темпом роста, ранним распространением на близлежащие органы и метастазированием, в том числе в висцеральные органы. В 2013 г. была пересмотрена классификация ВОЗ герминогенных гормон-продуцирующих опухолей яичников. Используя современные материалы, был составлен литературный обзор, основанный не только на клиническом течении, но и на гистологической, молекулярной и иммуногистохимической диагностике, без которых невозможно достоверно поставить диагноз. Использование данных комплексных методов диагностики позволяет своевременно поставить диагноз, а также оценить прогноз заболевания и возможность безрецидивного течения. |
| Document Type: | Research |
| DOI: | 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12071 |
| Accession Number: | edsair.doi...........64385388dc18e4edaa5d3c3b84ca5a2f |
| Database: | OpenAIRE |
| DOI: | 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12071 |
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