Academic Journal
Harnessing Particle Ions for FLASH Radiotherapy.
| Τίτλος: | Harnessing Particle Ions for FLASH Radiotherapy. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Bembridge AJ; Department of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK., Hughes JR; Department of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK., Parsons JL; Department of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. |
| Πηγή: | Cells [Cells] 2026 Sep 22; Vol. 15 (19). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 22. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101600052 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2073-4409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20734409 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cells Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Neoplasms*/radiotherapy , Heavy Ion Radiotherapy*/methods , Ions*/therapeutic use , Radiotherapy*/methods, Humans ; Animals ; Helium ; Linear Energy Transfer |
| Περίληψη: | FLASH radiotherapy continues to be an emerging clinical treatment that utilises ultra-high dose rate radiation (>40 Gy/s) to elicit normal tissue sparing compared to conventional (CONV) dose rate delivery. This is termed the FLASH effect, which has also been demonstrated to lead to effective tumour control. FLASH sparing has been demonstrated in many studies using electrons and now increasingly with particle ions, particularly protons. Due to unique properties such as deeper penetrance and a narrow range of energy deposition providing more precision targeting, this makes hadron radiotherapy using FLASH an exciting innovation for cancer treatment to help improve outcomes for cancer patients. Furthermore, through the use of higher linear energy transfer (LET) particles such as helium and carbon ions, FLASH offers the potential to combine sparing of normal tissues with enhanced biological effectiveness in tumour cell killing, important for tumours that are more resistant to conventional photon radiotherapy. However, the physical and biological parameters by which the FLASH sparing effect occurs is complex and has not been fully characterised. Factors including total dose, pulse structure (dose and duration), beam energy and LET have all been reported to impact tissue sparing. Additionally, the underlying biological mechanism of action of FLASH remains a point of contention within the field. In this review, we provide an up-to-date report on FLASH studies conducted with particle ion therapies, including in vitro and in vivo studies, using different experimental models. We present both the cellular and molecular outcomes of the studies performed using protons, helium and carbon ions, plus other ion sources, and the accumulating evidence that demonstrate the strong clinical potential for these modalities in cancer treatment. |
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| Grant Information: | R01 CA256854 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; R01CA256854 NIH Common Fund |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: FLASH; carbon ions; helium ions; ionising radiation; proton beam therapy; radiotherapy |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 206GF3GB41 (Helium) 0 (Ions) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20261016 Date Completed: 20261016 Latest Revision: 20261022 |
| Update Code: | 20261022 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13664593 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/cells15191729 |
| PMID: | 42882427 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 2073-4409 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.3390/cells15191729 |