Long-Term Follow-Up After Testicular Tissue Cryopreservation in Boys Facing Gonadotoxic Therapies: Safety, Pubertal Development, Reproductive Outcomes, and Clinical Implications.

Bibliographic Details
Title:	Long-Term Follow-Up After Testicular Tissue Cryopreservation in Boys Facing Gonadotoxic Therapies: Safety, Pubertal Development, Reproductive Outcomes, and Clinical Implications.
Authors:	Paolini L; Specialty School of Pediatrics, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy., Ferrari V; Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy., Cattini U; Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy., Bortolamedi E; Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy., Lanari M; Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy.; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy., Baronio F; Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy.; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Source:	Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2026 Oct 08; Vol. 15 (19). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 08.
Publication Type:	Journal Article; Review
Language:	English
Journal Info:	Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101606588 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2077-0383 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20770383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):	Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG, [2012]-
Abstract:	Testicular tissue cryopreservation is increasingly offered to boys facing gonadotoxic therapies. Yet, its long-term clinical significance depends not only on future fertility-restoration technologies but also on how these patients evolve. This narrative review aims to synthesizes the available follow-up literature on boys who underwent testicular tissue cryopreservation, focusing on procedural safety, testicular growth, pubertal progression, endocrine function, semen outcomes in patients reaching adulthood, and the emerging question of whether cryopreserved tissue may ultimately be needed in all cases. We will compare follow-up strategies across centers, highlight the lack of standardized endpoints, and discuss how survivorship data may refine counseling, re-consent, and future management of cryopreserved tissue. The aim is to provide a clinically oriented overview of what current longitudinal cohorts can already tell us, while identifying the key evidence gaps that still limit harmonized follow-up protocols.
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Contributed Indexing:	Keywords: fertility; gonadotoxic treatment; long-term follow-up; prepubertal boys; testicular tissue biopsy; testicular tissue cryopreservation
Entry Date(s):	Date Created: 20261016 Date Completed: 20261016 Latest Revision: 20261020
Update Code:	20261020
PubMed Central ID:	PMC13665890
DOI:	10.3390/jcm15197759
PMID:	42882218
Database:	MEDLINE

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ISSN:	2077-0383
DOI:	10.3390/jcm15197759