Academic Journal
Barriers and enablers shaping kidney transplant care delivery: Insights from Iraqi pharmacists.
| Τίτλος: | Barriers and enablers shaping kidney transplant care delivery: Insights from Iraqi pharmacists. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | M Faisal S; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq., Mohammed SI; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. |
| Πηγή: | PloS one [PLoS One] 2026 Oct 12; Vol. 21 (10), pp. e0360647. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 12 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Pharmacists*/psychology , Kidney Transplantation* , Delivery of Health Care*, Humans ; Iraq ; Male ; Female ; Professional Role ; Adult |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Kidney transplant care in low-resource countries is often affected by multiple factors, including workforce constraints, fragmented communication, and medication access challenges. Given pharmacists' involvement in medication management and regular patient follow-up, this study was designed to explore transplant care delivery in Iraq from pharmacists' perspectives. Method: Qualitative data were collected using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with all eligible pharmacists from the two major governmental hospitals in Baghdad caring for kidney transplant recipients. Afterwards, data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis approach. Results: This study included 13 pharmacists, 5 of whom were working in the clinical transplant wards, whereas the remaining 8 were working in the outpatient consultation setting. Four descriptive themes were identified: Dispensing-centered practice within a constrained and evolving pharmacist role, fragmented yet adaptive interprofessional collaboration, patient education as an informal and inconsistently delivered practice, and medication availability within a constrained and variably regulated supply system. Conclusion: This study highlights the adaptive approaches used by pharmacists in an attempt to maintain medication access and patient support with the available resources. However, the study findings also highlight challenges that extend beyond the capacity of individual pharmacists to resolve and suggest the need for more structured organizational support, clearer communication pathways, and an integrated system to strengthen Iraqi transplant care practices within comparable governmental settings. (Copyright: © 2026 M. Faisal, Mohammed. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
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| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20261012 Date Completed: 20261012 Latest Revision: 20261014 |
| Update Code: | 20261014 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13657322 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0360647 |
| PMID: | 42862837 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
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| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0360647 |