Vancomycin elution from gamma-irradiated cancellous bone allograft: an in vitro study linking soaking concentration to clinically relevant antimicrobial thresholds.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος:	Vancomycin elution from gamma-irradiated cancellous bone allograft: an in vitro study linking soaking concentration to clinically relevant antimicrobial thresholds.
Συγγραφείς:	Mansor A; National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Tan KS; National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. kstan89@um.edu.my., Teh CSJ; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Kong ZX; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Lee HY; Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Πηγή:	Cell and tissue banking [Cell Tissue Bank] 2026 Oct 08; Vol. 27 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης:	Journal Article
Γλώσσα:	English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού:	Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 100965121 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-6814 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13899333 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cell Tissue Bank Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):	Original Publication: Dordrecht, the Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers, c2000-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH):	Vancomycin/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Allografts/radiation effects , Allografts/drug effects , Cancellous Bone/radiation effects , Cancellous Bone/drug effects , Gamma Rays* , Bone Transplantation*, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Humans ; Animals
Περίληψη:	Antibiotic-impregnated bone grafts can deliver high local antimicrobial concentrations while restoring structural defects, but wider adoption is held back by inconsistent preparation methods and elution data that are difficult to translate into intraoperative decisions. Gamma-irradiated cancellous femoral head allografts were morselised and soaked for 30 min in vancomycin solutions ranging from 0 to 100 mg/mL, using a standardised graft-to-solution ratio. Elution was assessed qualitatively by agar diffusion against Staphylococcus aureus and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Daily eluates were collected for up to 30 days and compared with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus and with experimentally derived anti-biofilm reference values. A 1:1 (g:mL) graft-to-solution ratio gave mass-independent loading. Release followed a burst-then-decay profile across all concentrations. A 10 mg/mL soak sustained eluate concentrations above the S. aureus MIC for 14 days, consistent with a prophylactic use case. Soaks at 60-100 mg/mL produced Day 1 eluate concentrations of 1043-1920 mg/L, exceeding the experimental anti-biofilm reference range; these high levels were not sustained beyond the burst phase. Vancomycin elution from gamma-irradiated cancellous allograft is concentration-dependent. Pairing standardised soaking conditions with clinically relevant antimicrobial thresholds offers a practical basis for selecting graft preparation strategies-lower concentrations for prophylaxis and higher concentrations for adjunctive use after debridement. In vivo and biofilm-model validation is needed before clinical translation. (© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Competing Interests:	Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ethics approval: Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee, Universiti Malaya (Reference No. 2021721–10404). All procedures involving human tissue complied with institutional and international tissue-banking guidelines. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all donors for tissue donation and research use.
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Contributed Indexing:	Keywords: Allograft; Antibiotic-impregnated bone graft; Biofilm; Local antibiotic delivery; Vancomycin
Substance Nomenclature:	6Q205EH1VU (Vancomycin) 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
Entry Date(s):	Date Created: 20261008 Date Completed: 20261009 Latest Revision: 20261008
Update Code:	20261009
DOI:	10.1007/s10561-026-10257-9
PMID:	42850457
Βάση Δεδομένων:	MEDLINE

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Περιγραφή
ISSN:	1573-6814
DOI:	10.1007/s10561-026-10257-9