Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of antimicrobial and biocide resistance in enterobacteria from anaerobic digestion of dairy waste: implications for environmental and public health.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of antimicrobial and biocide resistance in enterobacteria from anaerobic digestion of dairy waste: implications for environmental and public health.
Συγγραφείς: Alves MR; Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering - CCAE, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitario, no number, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil., Ferreira NS; Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Espírito Santo State, 29043-900, Brazil., Fontes MS; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil., Lima MF; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil., Otenio MH; Embrapa Dairy Cattle - Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Juiz de Fora, Brazil., Ignacchiti MDC; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil., Resende JA; Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering - CCAE, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitario, no number, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil. juliana.resende@ufes.br.; Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Espírito Santo State, 29043-900, Brazil. juliana.resende@ufes.br.; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil. juliana.resende@ufes.br.
Πηγή: World journal of microbiology & biotechnology [World J Microbiol Biotechnol] 2026 Oct 08; Vol. 42 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9012472 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-0972 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09593993 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2005- : Berlin : Springer
Original Publication: Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Disinfectants*/pharmacology , Enterobacteriaceae*/genetics , Enterobacteriaceae*/drug effects , Enterobacteriaceae*/isolation & purification , Drug Resistance, Bacterial*/genetics, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics ; Genes, Bacterial/genetics ; Anaerobiosis ; Genotype ; Phenotype ; Animals ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Dairying ; Cattle
Περίληψη: Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in agricultural waste represent a critical One Health concern. Anaerobic digestion of livestock waste is widely promoted; however, the fate of antimicrobial resistance and biocide tolerance in full-scale systems remains unclear, constraining safe digestate reuse. This study assessed phenotypic and genotypic resistance in Escherichia coli-like enterobacteria isolated from effluent and biofertilizer in a full-scale dairy anaerobic digestion system. A total of 173 isolates were screened for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), antimicrobial susceptibility, multidrug resistance (MDR), and biocide inhibition-zone responses. No diarrheagenic virulence genes were detected. At least one screened ARG was detected in 91.0% of effluent and 83.3% of biofertilizer isolates. qacE∆1 was the most frequent marker and occurred significantly more often in effluent (70.8%) than biofertilizer isolates (44.0%; q = 0.00291). Phenotypic resistance to at least one antimicrobial was observed in 27.0% and 34.5% of effluent and biofertilizer isolates, respectively, while MDR occurred in 2.2% and 9.5% (p = 0.0521). tet(a) carriage was strongly associated with tetracycline resistance (OR = 20.9; q < 0.001). H2O2 inhibition zones were significantly smaller among biofertilizer isolates, whereas Lactic Acid (LA) yielded 6-mm measurements in all isolates and in the reference strain. These findings demonstrate that anaerobic digestion does not fully eliminate culturable resistant enterobacteria and underscore the need for integrated resistance monitoring in dairy-waste management.
(© 2026. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics Approval: Not applicable. This study analyzed environmental samples collected from a dairy-waste anaerobic digestion system and did not involve experimental procedures performed on humans or animals. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Grant Information: FAPES; TO 326/2022 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Anaerobic digestion; Antimicrobial resistance; Biocide; Dairy cattle; Enterobacterales
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Disinfectants)
0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20261008 Date Completed: 20261008 Latest Revision: 20261011
Update Code: 20261011
PubMed Central ID: PMC13649801
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-026-05319-9
PMID: 42848244
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE