Academic Journal
Occurrence, fate, and environmental loss of antiparasitic veterinary drugs in animal waste.
| Τίτλος: | Occurrence, fate, and environmental loss of antiparasitic veterinary drugs in animal waste. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Virtudes VC; Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland; College of Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: vera.virtudes@teagasc.ie., Di Rocco M; Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland., Danaher M; Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland; School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, Ireland., Morrison L; Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland., Healy MG; College of Science and Engineering, Civil Engineering and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland. |
| Πηγή: | Ecotoxicology and environmental safety [Ecotoxicol Environ Saf] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 324, pp. 120857. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 30. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7805381 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2414 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01476513 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Antiparasitic Agents*/analysis , Veterinary Drugs*/analysis , Manure*/analysis , Environmental Pollutants*/analysis, Animals ; Environmental Monitoring |
| Περίληψη: | Antiparasitic veterinary drugs, specifically anthelmintics, anticoccidials and ectoparasiticides, are increasingly recognised as global environmental contaminants, entering agroecosystems primarily via animal excreta and accumulating in manure and slurry before transfer to soils, water bodies and crops. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of these drug classes, covering usage patterns, excretion and persistence dynamics, occurrence in manure and slurry, within-manure transformation pathways, environmental fate and transport pathways, ecotoxicological effects on non-target organism, and mitigation strategies. Excretion and transformation behaviour are governed by compound lipophilicity and chemical structure: highly lipophilic macrocyclic lactones and benzimidazoles persist predominantly in faecal matter and undergo class-specific transformation reactions, whereas the transformation pathways of pyrethroids within manure remain almost entirely uncharacterised despite well-documented soil-phase chemistry. Occurrence data are sparse and dominated by isolated farm- or species-specific studies rather than systematic surveys and validated analytical methods for pyrethroids and its transformation products in manure are scarce. Environmental fate is strongly governed by lipophilicity: macrocyclic lactones and pyrethroids move primarily via particle-associated surface run-off, whereas benzimidazoles and ionophores show moderate mobility and can leach into surface waters. Ecotoxicological risks are most critical for dung-colonising invertebrates exposed to macrocyclic lactone residues and for aquatic organism exposed to pyrethroid-contaminated sediments. Mitigation strategies, including composting, storage, bioaugmentation, and source-based interventions, show compound-specific efficacy and are rarely validated at farm scale. The review identifies three primary barriers to robust environmental risk assessment: the scarcity of validated multi-residue analytical methods, particularly for pyrethroids and its transformation products, the lack of systematic occurrence and usage monitoring; and the limited farm-scale evaluation of mitigation technologies. (Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Analytical chemistry; Bioremediation; Environmental fate; Excretion; Manure management; Veterinary residues |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Antiparasitic Agents) 0 (Veterinary Drugs) 0 (Manure) 0 (Environmental Pollutants) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260930 Date Completed: 20261010 Latest Revision: 20261010 |
| Update Code: | 20261011 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120857 |
| PMID: | 42815328 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1090-2414 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120857 |