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Mitogenome Insights Into the Domestication and Phylogeography of Zebu Cattle: A Focus on Pakistani Breeds and Asian Lineages.

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Τίτλος: Mitogenome Insights Into the Domestication and Phylogeography of Zebu Cattle: A Focus on Pakistani Breeds and Asian Lineages.
Συγγραφείς: Hanif Q; Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China., Zhang FW; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China., Shehzad S; Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Fatima K; Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Amin I; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan., Khan QM; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan., Mansoor S; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan., Yi Z; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China., Jianlin H; CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China.; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya., Lei CZ; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Πηγή: Animal genetics [Anim Genet] 2026 Oct; Vol. 57 (5), pp. e70203.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8605704 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2052 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02689146 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anim Genet Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Oxford, England : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Oxford, England : Published by Blackwell Scientific Publications for the International Society for Animal Blood Group Research, c1986-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Domestication* , Genome, Mitochondrial* , Genetic Variation*, Cattle/genetics ; Cattle/classification ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Animals ; Pakistan ; Phylogeography ; Haplotypes ; Phylogeny
Περίληψη: Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) represent a critical livestock resource in the arid and semi-arid regions, known for their disease resistance, heat tolerance and physiological hardiness. Despite their agricultural importance, the precise matrilineal evolutionary history, genetic diversity and demographic trajectory remain incompletely resolved within the broader context of South Asian cattle domestication. This study explores the phylogeographic patterns and maternal lineage diversity of zebu cattle through complete mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA), the D-loop, and hypervariable regions from 50 individuals of 10 indigenous Pakistani breeds. These breeds were classified into three regions: North Pakistan, Central Pakistan/Punjab (Indus Valley region) and South Pakistan (the site of Mohenjo-Daro). Our data include 183 newly generated sequences and are supplemented with comparative datasets from 19 countries. Analysis reveals South Pakistan, especially the Mehrgarh area, as a key potential domestication epicentre, exhibiting highest nucleotide diversity (π = 0.01480) across Asian zebu populations, accompanied by ancient maternal lineages estimated to date back approximately 2.17 million years. Highest haplotype diversity was observed in Punjab (0.901 ± 0.014) followed by Southern Pakistan (0.893 ± 0.026). Phylogenetic and demographic analyses (mismatch distribution, Fu's Fs) further support an early dispersal scenario (I1 haplogroup) originating in Mehrgarh and radiating through the Indus Valley into broader Asian lineages. These findings enhance our understanding of the domestication origins of Bos indicus, its implications for breed conservation and sustainable livestock management.
(© 2026 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.)
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Grant Information: CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Bos indicus; Pakistan; Phylogeography; domestication; evolution; genetic diversity; mitogenome
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (DNA, Mitochondrial)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260930 Date Completed: 20260930 Latest Revision: 20260930
Update Code: 20260930
DOI: 10.1002/age.70203
PMID: 42811798
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1365-2052
DOI:10.1002/age.70203