Academic Journal
Disease-modifying therapies are associated with improved olfactory function via NK cell- microbiota interactions in multiple sclerosis.
| Τίτλος: | Disease-modifying therapies are associated with improved olfactory function via NK cell- microbiota interactions in multiple sclerosis. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Danzhen Z; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China., Yang Z; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China., Chu L; Beijing Amcare Hospital, Jingshun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China., Gao Z; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. |
| Πηγή: | Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2026 Sep 14; Vol. 17, pp. 1889149. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 14 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation] |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Killer Cells, Natural*/immunology , Multiple Sclerosis*/immunology , Multiple Sclerosis*/drug therapy , Multiple Sclerosis*/microbiology , Microbiota*/immunology , Smell*/drug effects, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders |
| Περίληψη: | Objective: To examine the associations of nasal microbiota with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), lymphocyte subsets and olfactory function in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Thirty patients with MS and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Patients were classified as DMT-treated (MS[DMT+]) or untreated (MS[DMT-]). Olfactory function was assessed using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry, and nasal microbiota were analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Olfactory function was lower in MS than in HCs, and better in MS(DMTs+) than in MS(DMTs-) (p =0.016, 95% CI 0.5614 to 4.941). NK cell counts were lower in MS(DMTs+) than in MS(DMTs-) (p =0.049, 95% CI -244.7 to -0.2109). And NK cell counts in MS(DMTs+) correlate with UPSIT (r =-0.527, p =0.029). Compared with HCs, MS(DMTs-) showed higher Shannon diversity (p =0.038), increased Proteobacteria (p =0.004), reduced Moraxellaceae (p =0.037) and Enterobacteriaceae (p =0.033), and enriched branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis (p =0.026). In MS(DMTs+), Campylobacter, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Prevotella, and Finegoldia were positively correlated with circulating NK cells (all p<0.05). Conclusion: DMTs may improve olfactory function in MS, possibly through modulation of circulating NK cell-associated immune status and nasal microbiota, in addition to controlling disease-related inflammation. (Copyright © 2026 Danzhen, Yang, Chu and Gao.) |
| Competing Interests: | The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: disease-modifying therapies (DMTs); lymphocyte subsets; multiple sclerosis; olfactory; university of pennsylvania smell identification test (UPSIT) |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260929 Date Completed: 20260929 Latest Revision: 20260930 |
| Update Code: | 20260930 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13617127 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1889149 |
| PMID: | 42807502 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
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| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1889149 |