Academic Journal
Literature Review on HIV-Mtb Coinfection and Stroke Risk.
| Τίτλος: | Literature Review on HIV-Mtb Coinfection and Stroke Risk. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Han J; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Kamat A; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Nguyen J; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Nguyen P; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Vu K; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Zhao M; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA., Venketaraman V; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA. |
| Πηγή: | Viruses [Viruses] 2026 Sep 02; Vol. 18 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 02. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | HIV Infections*/complications , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/epidemiology , Coinfection*/complications , Coinfection*/drug therapy , Stroke*/etiology , Stroke*/epidemiology , Tuberculosis*/complications , Tuberculosis*/drug therapy, Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Περίληψη: | Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading global cause of infectious disease. Growing evidence suggests that TB significantly increases the risk of comorbidity in HIV+ patients, particularly acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Prognosis is often poor, highlighting the need for early prevention and intervention. However, exact mechanisms linking HIV-Mtb coinfection and stroke remain poorly understood. A review of articles from 2016 to 2026 was conducted to study the risk of ischemic stroke and treatment strategies in HIV-Mtb coinfection. Both HIV and Mtb can increase stroke risk, but pathogenesis of the coinfection and relationship between the coinfection and stroke remain as proposals. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shown variable success rates; it may increase the risk of stroke or be associated with worse outcomes. Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) can be treated with a combination of bedaquiline, linezolid, and pretomanid (BPaL). Steroids and vitamin D supplementation with ART are associated with improved outcomes. For coinfection screening, the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and a clinical scoring system for triage may prove useful for early detection, leading to prompt intervention. A clearer understanding of the association between HIV-Mtb coinfection and stroke is essential for developing effective prevention strategies and eliminating transmission. Advancement of current treatments will help improve long-term outcomes in HIV-Mtb coinfection. |
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| Grant Information: | R15 HL143545 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: coinfection; human immunodeficiency virus; stroke; tuberculosis |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Antitubercular Agents) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260926 Date Completed: 20260926 Latest Revision: 20260930 |
| Update Code: | 20260930 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13612068 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/v18090965 |
| PMID: | 42797796 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/v18090965 |