In Vitro Effects of an Olive Polyphenol-Bromelain Formulation on U87MG Glioblastoma Cells: Viability, Cell-Cycle Distribution, Cytokine Release, and Total Antioxidant Capacity.

Bibliographic Details
Title:	In Vitro Effects of an Olive Polyphenol-Bromelain Formulation on U87MG Glioblastoma Cells: Viability, Cell-Cycle Distribution, Cytokine Release, and Total Antioxidant Capacity.
Authors:	Ciraci E; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Zeytinburnu, 34010 Istanbul, Türkiye.; Biruni Advanced Technology Application and Research Center (BAMER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye., Elgun T; Biruni Advanced Technology Application and Research Center (BAMER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Zeytinburnu, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye., Oltulu YM; Biruni Advanced Technology Application and Research Center (BAMER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Zeytinburnu, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye., Arslan HI; Biruni Advanced Technology Application and Research Center (BAMER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye., Yurttas AG; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, 34408 Istanbul, Türkiye., Gundogan GI; Biruni Advanced Technology Application and Research Center (BAMER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Türkiye., Uzun L; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Türkiye., Emekdas G; Turk Kan Vakfi, 34718 Istanbul, Türkiye.
Source:	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2026 Sep 20; Vol. 31 (18). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 20.
Publication Type:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Journal Info:	Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):	Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, c1995-
MeSH Terms:	Polyphenols/pharmacology , Polyphenols/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Glioblastoma/metabolism , Glioblastoma/drug therapy , Glioblastoma/pathology , Olea/chemistry , Cytokines*/metabolism, Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Abstract:	Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains difficult to treat, and natural bioactive formulations are being explored as experimental modifiers of tumor-associated cellular processes. This study examined a fixed-ratio olive polyphenol-bromelain formulation in U87MG cells and performed targeted phenolic characterization of its olive-derived component. Methods: Seven phenolics were quantified by LC-MS/MS. U87MG cells were exposed to the formulation or a bromelain comparator. The MTT metabolic signal, DNA-content cell-cycle distribution, IL-6, IL-10, and extracellular total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed. Results: The total quantified phenolics were 483.22 mg/kg, with oleocanthal, oleuropein, and 3,4-DHPEA-EDA predominating. The formulation reduced the MTT signal more than bromelain at lower and intermediate concentrations, although the response became non-monotonic at higher concentrations. Combination-treated cells showed greater G0/G1 accumulation. Culture supernatants showed lower IL-6 and higher IL-10 and TAC relative to untreated controls. Conclusions: The formulation was associated with changes in metabolic activity, cell-cycle distribution, and extracellular cytokine/redox readouts in U87MG cells. Because no polyphenol-only arm, direct cell-death assay, complete replicate-level inferential analysis, or non-tumoral comparator was available, the findings are descriptive and do not establish synergy, cytotoxicity, mechanism, tumor selectivity, or therapeutic efficacy.
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Contributed Indexing:	Keywords: G0/G1 accumulation; IL-10; IL-6; U87MG; bromelain; cell-cycle distribution; glioblastoma; olive polyphenols; total antioxidant capacity
Substance Nomenclature:	0 (Polyphenols) 0 (Antioxidants) 0 (Cytokines)
Entry Date(s):	Date Created: 20260926 Date Completed: 20260926 Latest Revision: 20260929
Update Code:	20260929
PubMed Central ID:	PMC13610031
DOI:	10.3390/molecules31183334
PMID:	42796617
Database:	MEDLINE

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ISSN:	1420-3049
DOI:	10.3390/molecules31183334