Academic Journal
Synaptic Organization of the Primate Retina: Toward a Human Foveal Connectome.
| Τίτλος: | Synaptic Organization of the Primate Retina: Toward a Human Foveal Connectome. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Kim YJ; Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; email: dmd@uw.edu., Dacey DM; Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; email: dmd@uw.edu.; Washington National Biomedical Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA. |
| Πηγή: | Annual review of vision science [Annu Rev Vis Sci] 2026 Sep; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 25-51. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Annual Reviews Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101660822 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2374-4650 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23744642 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Annu Rev Vis Sci Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Palo Alto, CA : Annual Reviews, 2015- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Connectome*/methods , Fovea Centralis*/physiology , Primates*/physiology , Synapses*/physiology , Synapses*/ultrastructure , Retina*/physiology, Visual Pathways/physiology ; Humans ; Animals ; Artificial Intelligence |
| Περίληψη: | The great diversity of retinal cell types across mammalian species, including humans, is well recognized. Recent transcriptomic profiling has not only confirmed this diversity but also identified homologous cell types across species, revealing molecular conservation of cell type identity. Yet retinal circuits are functionally specialized for distinct visual behaviors across species, raising a key question: If cell types are conserved, then what drives this functional specialization? The answer requires mapping the precise synaptic connections among all cell types-information that has long been difficult to acquire. Here we review, specifically for primates, how artificial intelligence-powered connectomics directly addresses this fundamental question by creating complete retinal connectomes that capture the synaptic connections formed by all cell types within a retinal volume. Recent data from a human foveal connectome suggest that while retinal cell types may be molecularly conserved across human and nonhuman primates, differences in synaptic connectivity drive species-specific functional specialization. Thus, synaptic connectivity, not just cell type identity, drives evolutionary adaptation. |
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| Grant Information: | P51 OD010425 United States OD NIH HHS; P51 RR000166 United States RR NCRR NIH HHS; R01 EY032045 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY028282 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; P30 EY001730 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; RF1 MH129260 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: AI-powered connectomics; color vision; electron microscopy; human fovea; primate retina; synaptic connectivity |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260915 Date Completed: 20260915 Latest Revision: 20261008 |
| Update Code: | 20261008 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13640980 |
| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev-vision-110323-104530 |
| PMID: | 42744756 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 2374-4650 |
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| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev-vision-110323-104530 |