Academic Journal
Molecular-based evidence, genetic profile, and associated risk factors of Theileria spp. infection in caprine in Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq.
| Τίτλος: | Molecular-based evidence, genetic profile, and associated risk factors of Theileria spp. infection in caprine in Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Abdullah SH; Microbiology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Iraq. Electronic address: shadan.abdullah@univsul.edu.iq. |
| Πηγή: | Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports [Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports] 2026 Sep; Vol. 74, pp. 101546. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 18. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101680410 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2405-9390 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 24059390 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier, [2015]- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Theileriasis*/epidemiology , Theileriasis*/parasitology , Theileria*/genetics , Theileria*/isolation & purification , Goat Diseases*/epidemiology , Goat Diseases*/parasitology, Goats/parasitology ; Iraq/epidemiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Animals ; Risk Factors ; Prevalence ; Genetic Variation ; Phylogeny |
| Περίληψη: | Theileriosis is a significant protozoal infection affecting livestock health status and productivity worldwide. The study aimed to detect Theileria infection in native goats from Sulaymaniyah province, the Northern region of Iraq. For the current study, random blood samples were obtained from clinically healthy goats in small-ruminant flocks belonging to four regions of Sulaymaniyah province. PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene was used to detect Theileria spp. in goat blood samples, followed by sequencing to detect the genetic diversity of isolates. Effects of age, herd size, tick burden, and coexistence with sheep on theileriosis prevalence were also evaluated. The overall infection rate of theileriosis in caprine was 55.83%. A higher infection rate of 61.67% was reported in Sharazoor compared to 51.67% in Sitak. Risk factors, including age, flock size, and tick burden, were significant determinants (p < 0.005). Age of more than 1 year was measured as a significant relative risk of 65.67% (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.09-3.10). The odds of theileriosis were also higher among large flocks, 85.07% (OR = 1.95,95% CI: 1.02-3.71). Tick burden was an obvious risk factor, 89.55% (OR = 8.57, 95% CI: 4.38-16.78). Although herd composition did not significantly affect Theileria infection (OR = 0.63,95% CI: 0.34-1.18). Blast analysis of the study sequences confirmed T. ovis, and the constructed phylogenetic tree showed that the current isolates clustered with previously detected T. ovis isolates. The study highlights a high rate of Theileria ovis circulation in goats, influenced by key epidemiological risk factors, underscoring the need to strengthen surveillance and tick-control measures. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The author declares that she has no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that influence the work reported in this research. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Epidemiology; Goat; Iraq; Molecular analysis; Phylogeny; Theileriosis |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 18S) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260914 Date Completed: 20260914 Latest Revision: 20260914 |
| Update Code: | 20260915 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vprsr.2026.101546 |
| PMID: | 42735992 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 2405-9390 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vprsr.2026.101546 |