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Effect of Sex, Anesthesia Method, Physiological Asymmetry, and Strain on Rat Lymphatic Vessel Contractility Assessed via Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Linear Mixed-Effects Modeling.

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Τίτλος: Effect of Sex, Anesthesia Method, Physiological Asymmetry, and Strain on Rat Lymphatic Vessel Contractility Assessed via Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Linear Mixed-Effects Modeling.
Συγγραφείς: Mavris S; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, 313 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Chin R; The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 801 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 315 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Hsu SY; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, 313 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Gleason RL; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, 313 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 801 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Dixon JB; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, 313 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 801 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 315 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Nepiyushchikh Z; The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 801 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 315 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Πηγή: Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) [Microcirculation] 2026 Oct; Vol. 33 (7), pp. e70087.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9434935 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1549-8719 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10739688 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microcirculation Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: New York, NY : Chapman & Hall, c1994-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Lymphatic Vessels*/physiology , Lymphatic Vessels*/diagnostic imaging , Lymphatic Vessels*/physiopathology , Anesthesia*/methods , Muscle Contraction*/drug effects, Animals ; Male ; Female ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Sex Factors
Περίληψη: Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of sex, anesthesia administration method, lymphatic physiological asymmetry, and strain on popliteal lymphatic collecting vessel contractile function and transport in effort to create a research comparison standard for experimentations using rat popliteal lymphatics.
Methods: Naïve female and male (8-10 weeks old) Sprague-Dawley and Lewis rats (both left and right hind limbs) under two forms of anesthesia administration (ketathesia/dexdomitor and isoflurane) were used to assess lymphatic contractility and transport function via near-infrared imaging and linear mixed-effects modeling.
Results: We quantified lymphatic contractility and transport through five functional metrics (packet frequency, packet amplitude, normalized packet transport, packet width, and normalized packet integral) via near-infrared imaging and found that both sex and anesthesia method significantly affect pumping behavior, while physiological asymmetry had minimal influence. Additionally, we identified strain-dependent differences in contractile dynamics between Sprague Dawley and Lewis rats. Linear mixed-effects modeling further supported these results, highlighting the significant and differential roles that sex, anesthesia method, and strain play in modulating lymphatic contractile function.
Conclusions: Our results showcase that to create standard comparison criteria for rat popliteal lymphatic models, one consistent method of anesthesia is essential and for sex to be considered as a biological variable. These findings underscore the physiological variability that must be accounted for when modeling lymphatic function and disease.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Microcirculation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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Grant Information: R01 HL152152 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; R01-HL152152 United States NH NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: anesthesia; linear mixed‐effects modeling; lymphatic contractility; lymphatic physiology; lymphatic transport; lymphedema
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260911 Date Completed: 20260911 Latest Revision: 20260914
Update Code: 20260914
PubMed Central ID: PMC13568506
DOI: 10.1111/micc.70087
PMID: 42726928
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1549-8719
DOI:10.1111/micc.70087