Academic Journal
What limits a bystander's action to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in China? Insights from a cross-sectional study conducted in Shaanxi Province.
| Τίτλος: | What limits a bystander's action to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in China? Insights from a cross-sectional study conducted in Shaanxi Province. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Li D; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Wang K; Department of Cardiology, Weinan Second Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi, China., Fu Q; Department of Special Medical Service, Army Medical Center of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China., Li Y; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Guo W; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Guo X; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Zhang X; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Hu Y; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Liao L; Department of Cardiology, Weinan Second Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi, China., Ma Z; Department of Nursing, Xi'an Gem Flower Changqing Staff Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Chen X; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Cheng M; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. |
| Πηγή: | Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2026 Aug 27; Vol. 14, pp. 1902076. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 27 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Frontiers Editorial Office Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101616579 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2296-2565 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22962565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Editorial Office |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*/statistics & numerical data , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*/psychology , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest*/therapy , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; China ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Aged |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Rate of bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains critically low in China. Identifying the underlying reasons may help reduce mortality from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 572 participants in Shaanxi, China. A researcher-developed questionnaire was used to assess four domains: ability to recognize the need for CPR, willingness to perform CPR, internal concerns about initiating CPR, and actual CPR competence. Subgroup analyses were performed across demographic strata. Willingness and concerns regarding CPR for relatives versus strangers were distinguished and compared. Results: Of the participants, 73.95% demonstrated the ability to recognize the need to perform CPR. Subgroup analysis revealed individuals aged ≥ 50 years, rural residents, and those with lower educational attainment had relatively poorer ability. Regarding willingness to perform CPR, over 94% of participants reported willingness to act for both relatives and strangers. However, the intensity was significantly greater for relatives than for strangers (8.84 ± 2.35 vs. 7.43 ± 2.53, p < 0.001). Notably, individuals with lower educational levels exhibited weaker willingness for both relatives and strangers. A high proportion of participants reported internal concerns about initiating CPR (91.78% for relatives, 93.88% for strangers), which was especially pronounced among spouses of high-risk patients. Lack of confidence in skills was the most frequently cited barrier. Additionally, participants reported more concerns regarding psychological fear, poor physical condition, medical litigation, and sanitary issues when the victim was a stranger. Finally, rural residents and those with primary education or below demonstrated poorer CPR knowledge scores. Conclusion: Overall, the following issues should be prioritized. First, lack of confidence in skills-which may stem from poor actual competence-is widely cited. Second, individuals have greater concerns regarding psychological fear, poor physical condition, medical litigation, and sanitary issues when the victim is a stranger. Finally, special attention should be paid to populations characterized by age ≥ 50 years, lower educational level, and rural residence, as they demonstrated a tendency toward poorer performance across all assessed domains. (Copyright © 2026 Li, Wang, Fu, Li, Guo, Guo, Zhang, Hu, Liao, Ma, Chen and Cheng.) |
| Competing Interests: | The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: attitudes; barriers to action; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; family caregivers; health knowledge; out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; practice |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260911 Date Completed: 20260911 Latest Revision: 20260912 |
| Update Code: | 20260912 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13558223 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1902076 |
| PMID: | 42724032 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 2296-2565 |
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| DOI: | 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1902076 |