Academic Journal
Προβολή σε EDS

On-demand caries prevention: on-site generated slightly acidic electrolyzed water as a potent and biocompatible anti- Streptococcus mutans agent.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: On-demand caries prevention: on-site generated slightly acidic electrolyzed water as a potent and biocompatible anti- Streptococcus mutans agent.
Συγγραφείς: Luan M; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China., Gao X; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China., Cao Q; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China., Lv N; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China. lvna@ahmu.edu.cn.; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China. lvna@ahmu.edu.cn.
Πηγή: BMC oral health [BMC Oral Health] 2026 Aug 08; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088684 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6831 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726831 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Oral Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Streptococcus mutans*/drug effects , Dental Caries*/prevention & control , Dental Caries*/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Water*/pharmacology , Water*/chemistry, Biofilms/drug effects ; Animals ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Electrolysis ; Microscopy, Confocal
Περίληψη: Background: Dental caries remains a prevalent public health disorder dominated by Streptococcus mutans. Novel biocompatible antibacterial agents are urgently required for caries control. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), rich in endogenous hypochlorous acid, boasts broad bactericidal effects and minimal cellular toxicity, yet rapid degradation during storage limits its reproducibility. Thus, this study adopted freshly prepared SAEW to systematically assess its anti-cariogenic performance for translational reference.
Methods: In vitro, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of SAEW against planktonic S. mutans were determined, and bacterial growth was monitored. Morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biofilm structure, viability, and membrane integrity were assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with live/dead staining. The cytotoxic effects of SAEW on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. 25 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups: blank control, caries model, 0.12% chlorhexidine, high-concentration SAEW, and low-concentration SAEW groups. All non-blank rats received cariogenic induction and daily topical intervention. Salivary streptococcal loads were quantified, and mandibular caries severity was graded via Keyes scoring combined with radiography.
Results: Freshly prepared SAEW exhibited definitive antibacterial activity against S. mutans Its MIC and MBC against planktonic bacteria were 6.25 ppm and 12.5 ppm, respectively. SAEW compromised bacterial cell membrane integrity (activity reduced to 94.5 ± 0.8% in the high-concentration group). At its effective antibacterial concentrations, SAEW showed no significant cytotoxicity to human oral cells (Cell viability exceeded 80%). In a rat caries model, SAEW significantly reduced oral streptococcal levels and mitigated the severity of carious lesions (caries scores at superficial, moderate, and deep dentinal levels were 10.2 ± 1.30, 6.60 ± 0.89, and 1.00 ± 0.71 in the high-concentration group; all P < 0.05). No obvious histopathological alterations or systemic toxicity were induced by SAEW.
Conclusions: Freshly prepared SAEW eliminates planktonic S. mutans primarily by disrupting cell membranes, with favorable cytocompatibility at working concentrations. It restrains cariogenic colonization and relieves caries progression in rodent models, marking a promising eco-friendly candidate for clinical caries prevention.
(© 2026. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: An in vivo rat caries model was established using Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the anticaries efficacy and safety of SAEW in comparison with chlorhexidine (CHX). All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University (Approval No. LLSC20241689). This article does not contain any studies with human participants or client-owned animals performed by any of the authors. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Streptococcus mutans; Dental Caries; Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
059QF0KO0R (Water)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260910 Date Completed: 20260910 Latest Revision: 20260912
Update Code: 20260912
PubMed Central ID: PMC13560147
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-026-09409-w
PMID: 42717335
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1472-6831
DOI:10.1186/s12903-026-09409-w