Academic Journal
Voice Quality in Individuals With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
| Τίτλος: | Voice Quality in Individuals With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Medina V; Research Group on Speech Studies (GeFALA), Laboratory on Acoustic Analysis and Cognition (LIAAC), Postgraduate Studies Programme in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC - SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Freitas AB; Research Group on Speech Studies (GeFALA), Laboratory on Acoustic Analysis and Cognition (LIAAC), Postgraduate Studies Programme in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC - SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Rusilo LC; Science and Technology Institute, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Gorinchteyn JC; Emilio Ribas Infectology Institute, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Camargo ZA; Faculty of Philosophy, Communication, Languages and Arts (FAFICLA), Department of Language Sciences and Philosophy, Postgraduate Studies Programme in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies (PEPG-LAEL), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. |
| Πηγή: | International journal of language & communication disorders [Int J Lang Commun Disord] 2026 Sep-Oct; Vol. 61 (5), pp. e70309. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9803709 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1460-6984 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13682822 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Lang Commun Disord Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2011- : Malden, MA : Wiley Original Publication: London : Taylor & Francis for the Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, c1998- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome*/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome*/drug therapy , Voice Disorders*/etiology , Voice Disorders*/diagnosis , Voice Disorders*/physiopathology , Voice Quality*, Humans ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Male ; Speech Acoustics ; Speech Production Measurement ; Case-Control Studies |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Speech and voice disorders are frequently observed in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the literature lacks detailed descriptions of how perceptual and acoustic characteristics manifest in the voice quality profiles of this population. Aim: To characterize the voice quality profile of older adults living with AIDS by describing the relationship between perceptual and acoustic voice measures. Methods: The research group (RG) comprised 20 individuals with AIDS, aged 50-60 years, all presenting with lipodystrophy, metabolic conditions including dyslipidemia, and 2-9 years of antiretroviral therapy. The control group (CG) comprised 9 age-matched individuals with metabolic conditions, including dyslipidemia, but without AIDS or antiretroviral therapy. The corpus included semi-spontaneous speech samples and repetitions of three key sentences designed for the perceptual evaluation of voice quality settings (VQS) across the vocal tract, muscular tension, and phonatory domains. For the acoustic analysis, data were processed using a script in the Praat software, which automatically extracted measures of fundamental frequency (f0), intensity, spectral slope, and the long-term average spectrum (LTAS). A preliminary statistical analysis was performed to establish the basis for presenting the results. Among the sociophonetic factors examined, gender emerged as the most influential variable and was included in the multivariate statistical approach. Results: The results indicated a significant prevalence of vocal tract VQS in the RG, including a retracted and lowered tongue body, pharyngeal constriction, and vocal tract hyperfunction, demonstrating strong discriminative power for classifying RG (98.7%) and CG (98.3%) samples. Acoustic measures showed a lower correlation factor (R2: 36.5%) for distinguishing the RG (77.4%) and CG (77.5%) samples. Regarding the relationship between acoustic measures and perceived voice qualities, f0 (particularly for females), LTAS (especially for males), and spectral slope were found to be relevant. Conclusions: Vocal tract and tension VQS, together with correlated spectral measures, were relevant in the RG. These findings may reflect the combined functional consequences of long-term antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic diseases, lipodystrophy, and associated metabolic alterations. The results highlight the need for further studies to support the future development of preventive, monitoring, and rehabilitative speech-language pathology strategies during the long-term follow-up of individuals living with AIDS. What This Paper Adds: What is already known on this subject Research suggests a high prevalence of speech and voice disorders among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the relationship between perceived and acoustic voice quality in this population remains unexplored. What this study adds to existing knowledge Adjustments in vocal tract and tension-related voice quality, along with correlated spectral measures, were found to be significant in RG. These findings may relate to reported effects of lipodystrophy on the vocal tract and upper respiratory infections from opportunistic diseases. What are the clinical implications of this study? The findings of this study may be linked to the effects of lipodystrophy on the vocal tract in AIDS patients, as well as upper airway weakness due to opportunistic diseases. This underscores the need to develop therapeutic strategies for ongoing care in the AIDS population. (© 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists.) |
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| Grant Information: | 311596/2022-23 National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; auditory perception; evaluation; larynx; voice acoustics |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260902 Date Completed: 20260902 Latest Revision: 20260904 |
| Update Code: | 20260904 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13536515 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/1460-6984.70309 |
| PMID: | 42683772 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1460-6984 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1111/1460-6984.70309 |