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A ten-year surveillance of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in raw milk from bovine, ovine, and caprine farms in a peri-industrial area of southern Italy.

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Τίτλος: A ten-year surveillance of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in raw milk from bovine, ovine, and caprine farms in a peri-industrial area of southern Italy.
Συγγραφείς: Virginia C; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: v.conforti@phd.uniba.it., Flavia C; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: flavia.capuozzo@uniba.it., Maria DM; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: michela.dimuccio@uniba.it., Fabrizio B; Prevention Department, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Veterinary Service for the Hygiene of the Production, Processing, Marketing and Transport of Foods of Animal Origin and their derived products - S.VET.B., Taranto, Italy. Electronic address: fabriziocosimo.basile@asl.taranto.it., Ettore F; Prevention Department, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Veterinary Service for the Hygiene of the Production, Processing, Marketing and Transport of Foods of Animal Origin and their derived products - S.VET.B., Taranto, Italy. Electronic address: ettore.franco@asl.taranto.it., Angelo P; Prevention Department, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Veterinary Service for the Hygiene of the Production, Processing, Marketing and Transport of Foods of Animal Origin and their derived products - S.VET.B., Taranto, Italy. Electronic address: angelo.pellegrino@asl.taranto.it., Elisabetta B; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: elisabetta.bonerba@uniba.it., Angela D; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: angela.dambrosio@uniba.it., Edmondo C; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: edmondo.ceci@uniba.it., Nicoletta QC; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: nicolettacristiana.quaglia@uniba.it., Giancarlo B; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale Per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010, Italy. Electronic address: giancarlo.bozzo@uniba.it.
Πηγή: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 307, pp. 125531. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 22.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Polychlorinated Biphenyls*/analysis , Milk*/chemistry , Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins*/analysis , Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated*/analysis , Environmental Pollutants*/analysis , Food Contamination*/analysis , Benzofurans*/analysis , Environmental Monitoring*, Animals ; Italy ; Goats ; Cattle ; Sheep ; Farms
Περίληψη: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) remain among the most persistent threats to food safety in peri-industrial agropastoral systems, yet long-term, multi-species surveillance data capable of disentangling environmental, biological, and regulatory determinants of contamination remain relatively scarce in the European literature. This study presents results from a ten-year monitoring program (2016-2025) of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in raw milk from bovine, ovine, and caprine farms reared within the industrially impacted territory of Taranto, southern Italy. A total of 671 samples were analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and contamination dynamics were modeled using linear mixed-effects regression accounting for farm distance from the industrial perimeter, animal species, and sampling year. PCBs exhibited a significant inverse relationship with distance, whereas pure PCDD/Fs showed no measurable spatial gradient, a pattern consistent with their greater soil persistence and likely reflecting decades-long environmental homogenization. Caprine and ovine milk consistently and substantially exceeded bovine concentrations across all contaminant classes, confirming small ruminants as the most sensitive sentinel species. A significant increasing temporal trend was attributable to sustained soil contamination and to the progressive, deliberate concentration of monitoring on sentinel high-risk holdings. These findings provide a transferable evidentiary basis for species-differentiated, soil-informed surveillance design in European territories affected by legacy industrial contamination.
(Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Dioxins; Environmental monitoring; Food safety surveillance; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Raw milk; Small ruminants
Substance Nomenclature: DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins)
0 (Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated)
0 (Environmental Pollutants)
0 (Benzofurans)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260822 Date Completed: 20260912 Latest Revision: 20260912
Update Code: 20260913
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.125531
PMID: 42632555
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1096-0953
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2026.125531