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Non-Human Primates as Sentinels and Reservoirs of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Indonesia: A One Health Perspective on Pathogen Spillover, Surveillance Gaps, and Regulatory Frameworks.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Non-Human Primates as Sentinels and Reservoirs of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Indonesia: A One Health Perspective on Pathogen Spillover, Surveillance Gaps, and Regulatory Frameworks.
Συγγραφείς: Sophian A; The Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM), Jakarta, Indonesia.
Πηγή: Journal of medical primatology [J Med Primatol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 55 (5), pp. e70101.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Review
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: Denmark NLM ID: 0320626 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1600-0684 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00472565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Med Primatol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Copenhagen : Wiley
Original Publication: Basel, New York, Karger.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Zoonoses*/epidemiology , Zoonoses*/microbiology , Disease Reservoirs*/veterinary , Communicable Diseases, Emerging*/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging*/veterinary , Primate Diseases*/epidemiology , Primate Diseases*/microbiology , Sentinel Surveillance*/veterinary , One Health* , Primates* , Sentinel Species*, Indonesia/epidemiology ; Animals ; Humans ; Wildlife Trade
Περίληψη: Background and Aims: Indonesia harbors extraordinary non-human primate (NHP) diversity, yet deforestation, ecotourism, illegal wildlife trade, and urban encroachment are intensifying human-NHP contact, elevating pathogen spillover risk. This review synthesizes evidence on NHP-associated zoonoses within a One Health framework and proposes an integrated biosurveillance roadmap.
Methods: A structured search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2000-2025), informed by the PRISMA-ScR framework and using pre-specified host, geographic, and pathogen search terms, was conducted and supplemented by grey literature from WHO, FAO, BPOM, and Indonesia's Ministry of Health.
Results: Five priority zoonotic pathogen categories were identified: Plasmodium knowlesi malaria, Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (Herpes B virus), simian foamy virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites. Surveillance capacity is fragmented and NHP-specific pathogen monitoring is absent from national systems.
Conclusions: NHP-derived zoonoses represent a growing public health threat in Indonesia. A NHP-inclusive One Health surveillance system integrating molecular diagnostics, geographic information systems, and cross-sectoral regulatory coordination is urgently needed.
(© 2026 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
References: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Feb 22;73(7):145-148. (PMID: 38386802)
Lancet. 2004 Mar 27;363(9414):1017-24. (PMID: 15051281)
J Virol. 1999 Mar;73(3):1747-55. (PMID: 9971751)
J Travel Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;16(4):229-32. (PMID: 19674260)
BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018 Nov 19;18(1):143. (PMID: 30453902)
Infect Immun. 2003 Oct;71(10):5831-44. (PMID: 14500505)
Narra J. 2023 Dec;3(3):e257. (PMID: 38455621)
Acta Parasitol. 2025 Feb 10;70(1):59. (PMID: 39928186)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Aug;8(8):789-95. (PMID: 12141963)
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Jun;18(6):521-7. (PMID: 22448813)
J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(6):2780-9. (PMID: 14990698)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Jul;11(7):1028-35. (PMID: 16022776)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Apr;31(4):741-750. (PMID: 40133045)
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2021;92(5-6):296-305. (PMID: 34695831)
Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):990-3. (PMID: 18288193)
Vet World. 2025 Jun;18(6):1527-1539. (PMID: 40689178)
New Microbes New Infect. 2024 May 07;60-61:101422. (PMID: 38765002)
Parasit Vectors. 2020 Sep 15;13(1):472. (PMID: 32933567)
Viruses. 2023 Oct 13;15(10):. (PMID: 37896863)
Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):450-452. (PMID: 32284615)
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Apr;26(2):165-84. (PMID: 23554413)
Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Nov 15;35(10):1191-203. (PMID: 12410479)
Trop Med Int Health. 2005 Dec;10(12):1305-14. (PMID: 16359412)
Parasit Vectors. 2022 Jul 18;15(1):258. (PMID: 35850777)
Ann Intern Med. 2018 Oct 2;169(7):467-473. (PMID: 30178033)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Feb;9(2):246-50. (PMID: 12603998)
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 7;10(1):16759. (PMID: 33028865)
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010 May;8(3):169-75. (PMID: 20541137)
Curr Biol. 2017 Nov 20;27(22):3487-3498.e10. (PMID: 29103940)
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Jan 15;46(2):165-71. (PMID: 18171245)
J Exp Med. 1934 Jan 31;59(2):115-36. (PMID: 19870235)
Am J Primatol. 2024 Mar;86(3):e23547. (PMID: 37667504)
Nature. 2007 May 17;447(7142):279-83. (PMID: 17507975)
Am J Primatol. 2005 Jun;66(2):197-204. (PMID: 15940713)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Aug;14(8):1200-8. (PMID: 18680642)
Vet World. 2025 Nov;18(11):3651-3669. (PMID: 41472754)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Macaca fascicularis; Indonesia; herpes B virus; non‐human primates; one health; pathogen spillover; plasmodium knowlesi; regulatory framework; surveillance; zoonotic diseases
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260820 Date Completed: 20260820 Latest Revision: 20260822
Update Code: 20260822
PubMed Central ID: PMC13490617
DOI: 10.1111/jmp.70101
PMID: 42619011
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Non-Human Primates as Sentinels and Reservoirs of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Indonesia: A One Health Perspective on Pathogen Spillover, Surveillance Gaps, and Regulatory Frameworks.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Zoonoses%22">Zoonoses*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Zoonoses+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Zoonoses%22">Zoonoses*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Zoonoses+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Disease+Reservoirs%22">Disease Reservoirs*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Disease+Reservoirs+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging%22">Communicable Diseases, Emerging*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging%22">Communicable Diseases, Emerging*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Primate+Diseases%22">Primate Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Primate+Diseases+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Primate+Diseases%22">Primate Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Primate+Diseases+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Sentinel+Surveillance%22">Sentinel Surveillance*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Sentinel+Surveillance+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22One+Health%22">One Health*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Primates%22">Primates*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Sentinel+Species%22">Sentinel Species*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Indonesia+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Wildlife+Trade%22">Wildlife Trade</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background and Aims: Indonesia harbors extraordinary non-human primate (NHP) diversity, yet deforestation, ecotourism, illegal wildlife trade, and urban encroachment are intensifying human-NHP contact, elevating pathogen spillover risk. This review synthesizes evidence on NHP-associated zoonoses within a One Health framework and proposes an integrated biosurveillance roadmap.<br />Methods: A structured search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2000-2025), informed by the PRISMA-ScR framework and using pre-specified host, geographic, and pathogen search terms, was conducted and supplemented by grey literature from WHO, FAO, BPOM, and Indonesia's Ministry of Health.<br />Results: Five priority zoonotic pathogen categories were identified: Plasmodium knowlesi malaria, Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (Herpes B virus), simian foamy virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites. Surveillance capacity is fragmented and NHP-specific pathogen monitoring is absent from national systems.<br />Conclusions: NHP-derived zoonoses represent a growing public health threat in Indonesia. A NHP-inclusive One Health surveillance system integrating molecular diagnostics, geographic information systems, and cross-sectoral regulatory coordination is urgently needed.<br /> (© 2026 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Feb 22;73(7):145-148. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238386802%22">38386802)</searchLink><br />Lancet. 2004 Mar 27;363(9414):1017-24. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215051281%22">15051281)</searchLink><br />J Virol. 1999 Mar;73(3):1747-55. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229971751%22">9971751)</searchLink><br />J Travel Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;16(4):229-32. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219674260%22">19674260)</searchLink><br />BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018 Nov 19;18(1):143. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230453902%22">30453902)</searchLink><br />Infect Immun. 2003 Oct;71(10):5831-44. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214500505%22">14500505)</searchLink><br />Narra J. 2023 Dec;3(3):e257. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238455621%22">38455621)</searchLink><br />Acta Parasitol. 2025 Feb 10;70(1):59. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239928186%22">39928186)</searchLink><br />Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Aug;8(8):789-95. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212141963%22">12141963)</searchLink><br />Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Jun;18(6):521-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222448813%22">22448813)</searchLink><br />J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(6):2780-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214990698%22">14990698)</searchLink><br />Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Jul;11(7):1028-35. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216022776%22">16022776)</searchLink><br />Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Apr;31(4):741-750. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2240133045%22">40133045)</searchLink><br />Folia Primatol (Basel). 2021;92(5-6):296-305. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234695831%22">34695831)</searchLink><br />Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):990-3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218288193%22">18288193)</searchLink><br />Vet World. 2025 Jun;18(6):1527-1539. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2240689178%22">40689178)</searchLink><br />New Microbes New Infect. 2024 May 07;60-61:101422. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238765002%22">38765002)</searchLink><br />Parasit Vectors. 2020 Sep 15;13(1):472. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232933567%22">32933567)</searchLink><br />Viruses. 2023 Oct 13;15(10):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237896863%22">37896863)</searchLink><br />Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):450-452. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232284615%22">32284615)</searchLink><br />Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Apr;26(2):165-84. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223554413%22">23554413)</searchLink><br />Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Nov 15;35(10):1191-203. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212410479%22">12410479)</searchLink><br />Trop Med Int Health. 2005 Dec;10(12):1305-14. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216359412%22">16359412)</searchLink><br />Parasit Vectors. 2022 Jul 18;15(1):258. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235850777%22">35850777)</searchLink><br />Ann Intern Med. 2018 Oct 2;169(7):467-473. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230178033%22">30178033)</searchLink><br />Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Feb;9(2):246-50. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212603998%22">12603998)</searchLink><br />Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 7;10(1):16759. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233028865%22">33028865)</searchLink><br />Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010 May;8(3):169-75. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220541137%22">20541137)</searchLink><br />Curr Biol. 2017 Nov 20;27(22):3487-3498.e10. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229103940%22">29103940)</searchLink><br />Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Jan 15;46(2):165-71. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218171245%22">18171245)</searchLink><br />J Exp Med. 1934 Jan 31;59(2):115-36. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219870235%22">19870235)</searchLink><br />Am J Primatol. 2024 Mar;86(3):e23547. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237667504%22">37667504)</searchLink><br />Nature. 2007 May 17;447(7142):279-83. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217507975%22">17507975)</searchLink><br />Am J Primatol. 2005 Jun;66(2):197-204. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215940713%22">15940713)</searchLink><br />Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Aug;14(8):1200-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218680642%22">18680642)</searchLink><br />Vet World. 2025 Nov;18(11):3651-3669. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241472754%22">41472754)</searchLink>
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: e70101
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      – SubjectFull: Indonesia epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wildlife Trade
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      – TitleFull: Non-Human Primates as Sentinels and Reservoirs of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Indonesia: A One Health Perspective on Pathogen Spillover, Surveillance Gaps, and Regulatory Frameworks.
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