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Motivational Coaching Cues Can Modulate Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Perceptual Responses of Elite Football Players During High-Intensity Interval Training: A Randomised Crossover fNIRS Study.

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Τίτλος: Motivational Coaching Cues Can Modulate Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Perceptual Responses of Elite Football Players During High-Intensity Interval Training: A Randomised Crossover fNIRS Study.
Συγγραφείς: Han S; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Ahn S; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Sung Y; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Seo JW; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Li X; College of Wushu and Dance, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China., Han S; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Kim C; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Song W; Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Πηγή: European journal of sport science [Eur J Sport Sci] 2026 Aug; Vol. 26 (8), pp. e70222.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101146739 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-7290 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15367290 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Sport Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2024- : Germany : Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science
Original Publication: [Champaign, Ill.] : Human Kinetics, [2001-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Prefrontal Cortex*/physiology , Motivation*/physiology , Soccer*/physiology , Soccer*/psychology , High-Intensity Interval Training* , Cues*, Physical Exertion/physiology ; Lactic Acid/blood ; Humans ; Male ; Cross-Over Studies ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Young Adult ; Heart Rate ; Adult ; Athletes
Περίληψη: Football coaches commonly provide verbal encouragement and exercise end-point feedback to sustain players' effort by enhancing motivation during fitness training such as high-intensity interval training (HIIT). However, the influence of such cues on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region involved in exercise cessation decisions, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of motivational cues on PFC activation during HIIT using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, alongside physiological and perceptual responses. Twenty-two male elite footballers completed two randomised crossover HIIT sessions on a cycle ergometer, with and without motivational cues. Each session consisted of 12 repetitions of 30-s high-intensity bouts, each interspersed with a 30-s active recovery bout. Heart rate, lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), motivation-related questionnaires and oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO2) concentration in the PFC were measured throughout HIIT. Although physiological responses were similar between conditions, perceived difficulty, assessed every three HIIT bouts, was significantly lower under the motivational condition, with lower RPE (p = 0.038) and higher motivation (p = 0.049), engagement (p = 0.038) and mood (p = 0.009) scores, particularly after the 9th repetition. From the 10th to 12th repetition of HIIT, the HbO2 concentrations of the orbitofrontal cortex and frontopolar PFC were significantly lower under the motivational condition (p = 0.040 and p = 0.036, respectively), whereas the dorsolateral and ventrolateral PFC showed no significant difference between conditions. In conclusion, motivational cues reduce central PFC activity during the most fatiguing phases of HIIT, reflecting enhanced neural efficiency under motivation despite equivalent physical workloads.
(© 2026 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science.)
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: fNIRS; high‐intensity interval training; motivation; neural efficiency; prefrontal cortex
Substance Nomenclature: 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260730 Date Completed: 20260731 Latest Revision: 20260802
Update Code: 20260802
PubMed Central ID: PMC13425583
DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.70222
PMID: 42533283
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1536-7290
DOI:10.1002/ejsc.70222