Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
| Τίτλος: |
Immunological Reprogramming in Cardiomyopathies: From Cardiomyocyte Injury to Disease of the Cardiac Immune Ecosystem. |
| Συγγραφείς: |
Urbanowicz T; Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ½ Długa, 61-848 Poznań, Poland., Filipiak KJ; The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 99/103 Marymoncka Street, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland. |
| Πηγή: |
Cells [Cells] 2026 Jul 22; Vol. 15 (14). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 22. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: |
Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: |
English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: |
Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101600052 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2073-4409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20734409 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cells Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): |
Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): |
Cardiomyopathies*/immunology , Cardiomyopathies*/pathology , Myocytes, Cardiac*/immunology , Myocytes, Cardiac*/pathology , Cellular Reprogramming*/immunology, Humans ; Animals |
| Περίληψη: |
Cardiomyopathies have traditionally been regarded as disorders driven primarily by cardiomyocyte injury resulting from genetic defects, infection, metabolic stress, or toxic exposure. This paradigm has substantially advanced diagnosis and treatment. Still, it does not fully account for the marked heterogeneity in disease progression, persistent fibrosis, or variable therapeutic responses among patients with similar phenotypes. Increasing evidence indicates that immune remodeling is not merely a secondary consequence of myocardial injury but a dynamic process that actively shapes disease evolution. In this review, we integrate recent advances in cardiovascular immunology, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, immunometabolism, and systems biology to propose a unified framework of immunological reprogramming in cardiomyopathies. We discuss how danger-associated molecular patterns, inflammasome activation, trained immunity, the cGAS-STING pathway, fibroblast-immune interactions, and the cardio-bone marrow axis converge to establish chronic inflammatory circuits that promote fibrosis, electrical remodeling, and progressive ventricular dysfunction. We further examine the emerging concept of immunotypes, emphasizing that distinct immune programs may underlie the biological heterogeneity of cardiomyopathies beyond conventional phenotypic or genetic classification. Finally, we discuss the translational potential of immune profiling, advancing a shift toward viewing cardiomyopathies as disorders of a dysregulated cardiac immune ecosystem. We propose that immune ecosystem organization constitutes an additional biological dimension that complements traditional phenotypic and genetic classifications of cardiomyopathies. |
| Contributed Indexing: |
Keywords: cGAS–STING; cardiac immune ecosystem; cardiomyopathies; heart failure; immunological reprogramming; immunometabolism; immunophenotyping; innate immunity; single-cell transcriptomics; trained immunity |
| Entry Date(s): |
Date Created: 20260727 Date Completed: 20260727 Latest Revision: 20260730 |
| Update Code: |
20260730 |
| PubMed Central ID: |
PMC13406949 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/cells15141308 |
| PMID: |
42505415 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: |
MEDLINE |