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Through Parents' Eyes: Perspectives on Child Development and Family Experience During ESDM Intervention.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Through Parents' Eyes: Perspectives on Child Development and Family Experience During ESDM Intervention.
Συγγραφείς: Latrèche K; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland., Journal F; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland., Godel M; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland., Franchini M; Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland., Kojovic N; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland., Cimasoni D; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland., Czajkowski M; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland., Delieutraz L; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland., Laubu C; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland., Schaer M; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland.
Πηγή: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research [Autism Res] 2026 Sep; Vol. 19 (9), pp. e70318. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 25.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101461858 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1939-3806 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19393806 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Autism Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Parents*/psychology , Child Development*/physiology , Early Intervention, Educational*/methods , Autism Spectrum Disorder*/therapy , Autism Spectrum Disorder*/psychology, Parenting/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adult ; Parent-Child Relations
Περίληψη: Early intensive intervention for autistic children aims to support developmental progress in social and communication domains. Although outcomes are typically assessed using standardized measures of child development, parental perspectives during early intervention remain largely understudied. Here, we examined parental perceptions after 6 months of intensive Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) intervention. Participants were parents of 104 autistic children aged 1.3-3.5 years enrolled in an individualized therapist-delivered ESDM intervention following diagnosis confirmation. Child development was assessed at entry (baseline) and 6 months later (follow-up). At follow-up, parents completed an 18-item questionnaire capturing their perceptions of child progress across twelve domains as well as changes in parenting skills, personal well-being, and family life. Descriptive analyses, item-level correlations, and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to identify underlying components. Parents generally indicated improvements across all domains, with aggravation rarely reported. PCA revealed three intercorrelated components (Social Communication, Nonverbal Social Engagement, and Positive Parental Experience), each showing distinct associations with child or parent measures. Parental perceptions of child development were strongly correlated with standardized developmental assessments, particularly in social communication. While parents also reported enhanced parenting skills and positive personal and familial impacts, these experiences were not associated with child developmental gains but with parental education and the number of siblings in the household. These findings underscore the importance of integrating parental perspectives alongside clinical assessments when evaluating early intervention outcomes. Future research should investigate how parental perceptions evolve over longer periods and how they may inform family-centered care and post-intervention support.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
References: J Autism Dev Disord. 2022 Apr;52(4):1423-1434. (PMID: 33956255)
Autism. 2023 Jul;27(5):1295-1306. (PMID: 36510841)
Autism. 2024 Apr;28(4):985-998. (PMID: 37555286)
Pediatrics. 2010 Jan;125(1):e17-23. (PMID: 19948568)
Children (Basel). 2024 Dec 14;11(12):. (PMID: 39767949)
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. (PMID: 6880820)
Front Pediatr. 2014 Jun 20;2:58. (PMID: 24999470)
J Neurodev Disord. 2022 Jan 5;14(1):3. (PMID: 34986782)
Behav Anal Pract. 2020 Aug 18;14(1):230-239. (PMID: 33732593)
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 Oct-Nov 01;42(8):682-689. (PMID: 34510108)
Autism. 2024 Jun;28(6):1431-1440. (PMID: 38360525)
Autism Res. 2022 Nov;15(11):2200-2209. (PMID: 36416303)
Autism. 2024 Dec;28(12):3043-3062. (PMID: 38770974)
Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 04;3:1509828. (PMID: 39816577)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Apr;48(4):1041-1051. (PMID: 28861649)
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2012 Sep;15(3):247-77. (PMID: 22869324)
Pediatr Med. 2019 Jun;2:. (PMID: 31583390)
Pediatr Res. 2022 Apr;91(5):1028-1035. (PMID: 33767375)
Dev Neurorehabil. 2011;14(2):72-8. (PMID: 21410398)
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2016;37(3):153-63. (PMID: 27028741)
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;58(9):853-865. (PMID: 30768394)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2017 Sep;47(9):2899-2910. (PMID: 28685407)
J Early Interv. 2023 Jun;45(2):185-197. (PMID: 37655268)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2022 Dec;52(12):5285-5300. (PMID: 35235129)
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;51(10):1052-65. (PMID: 23021480)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2014 Feb;44(2):353-65. (PMID: 23838727)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2000 Apr;30(2):137-42. (PMID: 10832778)
Clin Psychol Rev. 2017 Feb;51:1-14. (PMID: 27816800)
Pediatrics. 2011 May;127(5):e1303-11. (PMID: 21464190)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Aug;45(8):2411-28. (PMID: 25737021)
Ethics Hum Res. 2023 Nov-Dec;45(6):2-18. (PMID: 37988276)
Dev Psychopathol. 2010 Winter;22(1):55-69. (PMID: 20102647)
Autism Res. 2024 Oct;17(10):2030-2044. (PMID: 38965820)
Autism Res. 2020 Jan;13(1):82-92. (PMID: 31593362)
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2024 Sep;27(3):878-905. (PMID: 39160428)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2016 Jul;46(7):2441-9. (PMID: 27020055)
Autism Res. 2025 Mar;18(3):570-582. (PMID: 39931741)
Autism Res. 2014 Jun;7(3):363-80. (PMID: 24863681)
J Autism Dev Disord. 1994 Oct;24(5):659-85. (PMID: 7814313)
J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Oct;48(10):3367-3376. (PMID: 29754290)
Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Nov;35(11):2921-32. (PMID: 25108609)
Pediatr Res. 2025 Sep 16;:. (PMID: 40957979)
Dev Psychopathol. 2008 Summer;20(3):775-803. (PMID: 18606031)
Autism Res. 2019 Jul;12(7):1077-1086. (PMID: 31002483)
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 22;13:835580. (PMID: 35815035)
Child Care Health Dev. 2018 Jan;44(1):147-160. (PMID: 28833334)
Adv Neurodev Disord. 2022;6(4):473-493. (PMID: 35669342)
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;63(6):694-701. (PMID: 16754843)
Autism Res. 2025 Mar;18(3):675-683. (PMID: 39989401)
Grant Information: 190084 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 202235 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 212653 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 51NF40-185897 National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Synapsy; Fondation Privée des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève; Fondation Pôle Autisme
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Early Start Denver Model; autism spectrum disorder; children; early intervention; parental perspectives; parenting skills; well‐being
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260725 Date Completed: 20260923 Latest Revision: 20260925
Update Code: 20260925
PubMed Central ID: PMC13599708
DOI: 10.1002/aur.70318
PMID: 42500921
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Through Parents' Eyes: Perspectives on Child Development and Family Experience During ESDM Intervention.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Latrèche+K%22">Latrèche K</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Journal+F%22">Journal F</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Godel+M%22">Godel M</searchLink>; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Franchini+M%22">Franchini M</searchLink>; Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kojovic+N%22">Kojovic N</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cimasoni+D%22">Cimasoni D</searchLink>; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Czajkowski+M%22">Czajkowski M</searchLink>; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Delieutraz+L%22">Delieutraz L</searchLink>; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Laubu+C%22">Laubu C</searchLink>; Parent Collaborator and Community Contributor, Geneva, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schaer+M%22">Schaer M</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Fondation Pôle Autisme, Geneva, Switzerland.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101461858%22">Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research</searchLink> [Autism Res] 2026 Sep; Vol. 19 (9), pp. e70318. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jul 25.
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  Data: Early intensive intervention for autistic children aims to support developmental progress in social and communication domains. Although outcomes are typically assessed using standardized measures of child development, parental perspectives during early intervention remain largely understudied. Here, we examined parental perceptions after 6 months of intensive Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) intervention. Participants were parents of 104 autistic children aged 1.3-3.5 years enrolled in an individualized therapist-delivered ESDM intervention following diagnosis confirmation. Child development was assessed at entry (baseline) and 6 months later (follow-up). At follow-up, parents completed an 18-item questionnaire capturing their perceptions of child progress across twelve domains as well as changes in parenting skills, personal well-being, and family life. Descriptive analyses, item-level correlations, and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to identify underlying components. Parents generally indicated improvements across all domains, with aggravation rarely reported. PCA revealed three intercorrelated components (Social Communication, Nonverbal Social Engagement, and Positive Parental Experience), each showing distinct associations with child or parent measures. Parental perceptions of child development were strongly correlated with standardized developmental assessments, particularly in social communication. While parents also reported enhanced parenting skills and positive personal and familial impacts, these experiences were not associated with child developmental gains but with parental education and the number of siblings in the household. These findings underscore the importance of integrating parental perspectives alongside clinical assessments when evaluating early intervention outcomes. Future research should investigate how parental perceptions evolve over longer periods and how they may inform family-centered care and post-intervention support.<br /> (© 2026 The Author(s). Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
– Name: Ref
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  Data: J Autism Dev Disord. 2022 Apr;52(4):1423-1434. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233956255%22">33956255)</searchLink><br />Autism. 2023 Jul;27(5):1295-1306. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236510841%22">36510841)</searchLink><br />Autism. 2024 Apr;28(4):985-998. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237555286%22">37555286)</searchLink><br />Pediatrics. 2010 Jan;125(1):e17-23. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219948568%22">19948568)</searchLink><br />Children (Basel). 2024 Dec 14;11(12):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239767949%22">39767949)</searchLink><br />Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%226880820%22">6880820)</searchLink><br />Front Pediatr. 2014 Jun 20;2:58. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224999470%22">24999470)</searchLink><br />J Neurodev Disord. 2022 Jan 5;14(1):3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234986782%22">34986782)</searchLink><br />Behav Anal Pract. 2020 Aug 18;14(1):230-239. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233732593%22">33732593)</searchLink><br />J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 Oct-Nov 01;42(8):682-689. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234510108%22">34510108)</searchLink><br />Autism. 2024 Jun;28(6):1431-1440. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238360525%22">38360525)</searchLink><br />Autism Res. 2022 Nov;15(11):2200-2209. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236416303%22">36416303)</searchLink><br />Autism. 2024 Dec;28(12):3043-3062. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238770974%22">38770974)</searchLink><br />Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 04;3:1509828. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239816577%22">39816577)</searchLink><br />J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Apr;48(4):1041-1051. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228861649%22">28861649)</searchLink><br />Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2012 Sep;15(3):247-77. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222869324%22">22869324)</searchLink><br />Pediatr Med. 2019 Jun;2:. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231583390%22">31583390)</searchLink><br />Pediatr Res. 2022 Apr;91(5):1028-1035. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233767375%22">33767375)</searchLink><br />Dev Neurorehabil. 2011;14(2):72-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221410398%22">21410398)</searchLink><br />Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2016;37(3):153-63. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227028741%22">27028741)</searchLink><br />J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;58(9):853-865. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230768394%22">30768394)</searchLink><br />J Autism Dev Disord. 2017 Sep;47(9):2899-2910. 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(PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227020055%22">27020055)</searchLink><br />Autism Res. 2025 Mar;18(3):570-582. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239931741%22">39931741)</searchLink><br />Autism Res. 2014 Jun;7(3):363-80. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224863681%22">24863681)</searchLink><br />J Autism Dev Disord. 1994 Oct;24(5):659-85. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%227814313%22">7814313)</searchLink><br />J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Oct;48(10):3367-3376. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229754290%22">29754290)</searchLink><br />Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Nov;35(11):2921-32. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225108609%22">25108609)</searchLink><br />Pediatr Res. 2025 Sep 16;:. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2240957979%22">40957979)</searchLink><br />Dev Psychopathol. 2008 Summer;20(3):775-803. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218606031%22">18606031)</searchLink><br />Autism Res. 2019 Jul;12(7):1077-1086. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231002483%22">31002483)</searchLink><br />Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 22;13:835580. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235815035%22">35815035)</searchLink><br />Child Care Health Dev. 2018 Jan;44(1):147-160. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228833334%22">28833334)</searchLink><br />Adv Neurodev Disord. 2022;6(4):473-493. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235669342%22">35669342)</searchLink><br />Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;63(6):694-701. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216754843%22">16754843)</searchLink><br />Autism Res. 2025 Mar;18(3):675-683. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239989401%22">39989401)</searchLink>
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  Data: 190084 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 202235 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 212653 Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; 51NF40-185897 National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Synapsy; Fondation Privée des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève; Fondation Pôle Autisme
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Early Start Denver Model; autism spectrum disorder; children; early intervention; parental perspectives; parenting skills; well‐being
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      – SubjectFull: Parenting psychology
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parents psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child Development physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Early Intervention, Educational methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autism Spectrum Disorder therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autism Spectrum Disorder psychology
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Through Parents' Eyes: Perspectives on Child Development and Family Experience During ESDM Intervention.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Latrèche K
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            NameFull: Journal F
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            NameFull: Godel M
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Franchini M
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            NameFull: Kojovic N
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            NameFull: Cimasoni D
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            NameFull: Czajkowski M
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            NameFull: Delieutraz L
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: 2026 Sep
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1939-3806
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 9
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
              Type: main
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