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Neural Endophenotypes of Semantic Processing and Social Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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Τίτλος: Neural Endophenotypes of Semantic Processing and Social Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Συγγραφείς: Lee SH; Center for General Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan., Liao CC; Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chou TL; Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Gau SS; Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Πηγή: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research [Autism Res] 2026 Sep; Vol. 19 (9), pp. e70320. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 25.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101461858 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1939-3806 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19393806 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Autism Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Autism Spectrum Disorder*/physiopathology , Autism Spectrum Disorder*/psychology , Autism Spectrum Disorder*/genetics , Brain*/physiopathology , Endophenotypes* , Semantics*, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Siblings/psychology ; Temporal Lobe/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult
Περίληψη: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly heritable; however, the neural architecture underlying semantic processing and social functioning, and the extent to which it reflects familial liability, remains insufficiently understood. Unaffected siblings (SIB), who share substantial genetic liability with individuals with ASD, offer a critical framework for identifying intermediate neural phenotypes. We examined 36 individuals with ASD, 36 SIB, and 37 typically developing (TD) controls, matched for age, IQ, and handedness. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a semantic judgment task was used to compare neural activation across groups and to assess whether associations with social functioning, measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), reflected familial risk or dimensional continuity across the autism spectrum. Group comparisons revealed a graded endophenotypic pattern in inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation, with reduced activation in ASD and intermediate responses in SIB. The middle temporal gyrus (MTG) showed a similar but weaker gradient, with SIB not differing significantly from TD. Both ASD and SIB also demonstrated heightened cuneus activation, consistent with a heritable compensatory shift toward perceptual processing. Importantly, reduced MTG activation, along with a weaker marginal pattern in the IFG, was associated with higher SRS scores in both the familial and full samples, suggesting an association between semantic activation and social functioning. These findings clarify how familial liability and dimensional variation jointly shape the neural organization of semantic processing and social functioning in ASD.
(© 2026 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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Grant Information: NSC 101-2314-B-002-136-MY3 National Science Council; NSC 101-2627-B-002-001 National Science Council; NHRI-EX104-10404PI National Health Research Institutes; NHRI-EX105-10404PI National Health Research Institutes; 115L9A003 Ministry of Education
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; endophenotype; fMRI; semantic; social
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260725 Date Completed: 20260923 Latest Revision: 20260923
Update Code: 20260923
DOI: 10.1002/aur.70320
PMID: 42500834
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1939-3806
DOI:10.1002/aur.70320