Academic Journal
Burden and trends of alcohol- and NAFLD/NASH-related liver disease in 5 East Asian countries: A GBD 2021 analysis.
| Τίτλος: | Burden and trends of alcohol- and NAFLD/NASH-related liver disease in 5 East Asian countries: A GBD 2021 analysis. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Liang B; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China., Shi H; Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China., Tie X; Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.; Department of Integrative Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Yunnan Hospital of Peking University Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China., Zeng Q; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China., Long K; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. |
| Πηγή: | Medicine [Medicine (Baltimore)] 2026 Jul 24; Vol. 105 (30), pp. e49944. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 2985248R Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-5964 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00257974 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Medicine (Baltimore) Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Hagerstown, Md : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*/epidemiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*/mortality , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms*/epidemiology , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic*/epidemiology, Global Burden of Disease/trends ; Asia, Eastern/epidemiology ; China/epidemiology ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Japan/epidemiology ; Mongolia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged |
| Περίληψη: | This study quantified and compared the 2006 to 2021 burden (incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) of alcohol- and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea [DPRK]), and Mongolia to inform targeted prevention and policy priorities. Utilizing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, we analyzed the epidemiology of alcohol-related liver disease and NAFLD/NASH leading to cirrhosis and HCC. Using data from the GBD 2021 study, we calculated age-standardized incidence rates, age-standardized mortality rates, and age-standardized DALY rates, and assessed temporal trends using estimated annual percentage changes and segmented regression analysis. In 2021, China recorded the highest absolute all-age incidence, mortality, and DALYs for alcoholic cirrhosis, NASH-related HCC, and NAFLD-related cirrhosis. However, in terms of age-standardized incidence rates, age-standardized mortality rates, and age-standardized DALY rates, Mongolia bears the heaviest overall disease burden. Conversely, the lowest age-standardized burdens varied: alcohol-related HCC was lowest in DPRK, alcoholic cirrhosis in China, NASH-related HCC in Japan, and NAFLD in South Korea and Japan. From 2006 to 2021, alcohol-related HCC metrics declined in Japan, South Korea, and DPRK but rose modestly in China and Mongolia. Alcoholic cirrhosis declined in all 5 countries, most notably in Japan, South Korea, and Mongolia. NASH-related HCC generally decreased in Japan, South Korea, and DPRK, while increasing slowly in China and remaining stable in Mongolia. Notably, while NAFLD prevalence and incidence rose across all 5 nations, associated DALYs declined, suggesting improved clinical management despite intensifying upstream metabolic risks. East Asian countries exhibit a heterogeneous yet convergent transition where alcohol- and metabolism-related liver diseases are displacing viral etiologies. While alcoholic cirrhosis incidence is declining regionally, the rising burden of alcohol-related HCC in China and Mongolia, alongside increasing NAFLD/NASH incidence, necessitates a policy shift. Priorities should include comprehensive alcohol control, metabolic risk reduction, and targeted fibrosis/HCC screening in high-risk populations. Although GBD data are subject to inherent biases, they provide actionable guidance for regional health strategies. (Copyright © 2026 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. |
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| Grant Information: | 202401AY070001-090 This work is supported by Kunming Medical University Joint Special Project; 2024YNLCYXZX0525 Yunnan Provincial Health and Health Commission Provincial Clinical Medical Center Scientific Research Project |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: East Asia; Global Burden of Disease; alcohol-related liver disease; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260725 Date Completed: 20260725 Latest Revision: 20260729 |
| Update Code: | 20260729 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13406308 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/MD.0000000000049944 |
| PMID: | 42499114 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1536-5964 |
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| DOI: | 10.1097/MD.0000000000049944 |