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Social Identities and Vaccine Exemptions in the United States: The Role of Religiosity, Partisanship, and Vaccine Hesitancy.

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Τίτλος: Social Identities and Vaccine Exemptions in the United States: The Role of Religiosity, Partisanship, and Vaccine Hesitancy.
Συγγραφείς: Boyce MR; Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, USA. matthew.boyce@tamu.edu.; USA Center for Rural Public Health Preparedness, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, 212 Adriance Lab Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA. matthew.boyce@tamu.edu., Blackburn CC; Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, USA.; USA Center for Rural Public Health Preparedness, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, 212 Adriance Lab Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA., Duza SS; USA Center for Rural Public Health Preparedness, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, 212 Adriance Lab Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
Πηγή: Journal of community health [J Community Health] 2026 Oct; Vol. 51 (5), pp. 865-876. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 23.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7600747 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-3610 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00945145 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Community Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Amsterdam : Springer
Original Publication: New York, Human Sciences Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Vaccination Hesitancy*/statistics & numerical data , Vaccination Hesitancy*/psychology , Parents*/psychology , Vaccination*/statistics & numerical data , Vaccination Refusal*/statistics & numerical data , Religion* , Politics*, Humans ; United States ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Male ; Child, Preschool
Περίληψη: Nonmedical vaccine exemptions are increasingly common in the United States and threaten population immunity levels in children. While vaccine hesitancy and pediatric vaccination coverage in the United States have been extensively researched, work focused on vaccine exemptions remains relatively limited. The objectives of this study are to examine associations between parental religious, partisan, and vaccine-hesitant social identities and vaccine exemptions. A national, cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 20 through September 9, 2025. Parents and legal guardians of children five years of age or younger were recruited from an online panel and asked if their child had ever missed a vaccination due to a medical or nonmedical vaccine exemption. A total of 1,042 respondents were included in the data analysis, 72 of whom reported that their child did not receive a vaccine due to a nonmedical exemption. The prevalence of nonmedical vaccine exemptions differed significantly according to respondent race, partisanship, religiosity, and vaccine-hesitant identity. Multiple logistic regression modeling produced significant associations between nonmedical exemptions and race, education, religiosity, and vaccine-hesitant identity. These findings reinforce previously identified predictors of vaccine hesitancy in the United States but also extend the evidence base by explicitly examining predictors of vaccine exemptions.
(© 2026. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Ethical Approval: Study protocols and materials were reviewed and declared exempt by the Texas A&M University Institutional Review Board (STUDY2025-0819).
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Adolescent health; Child health; Immunization; Public health; Vaccine mandate; Vaccine policy
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260723 Date Completed: 20260926 Latest Revision: 20260928
Update Code: 20260928
PubMed Central ID: PMC13614974
DOI: 10.1007/s10900-026-01597-4
PMID: 42493745
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1573-3610
DOI:10.1007/s10900-026-01597-4