Academic Journal
Protocolized Pain Assessment and Management in Pediatric Trauma Patients.
| Τίτλος: | Protocolized Pain Assessment and Management in Pediatric Trauma Patients. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Adeyemi O; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Syed S; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Atrii V; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Mukherjee R; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Piplani C; Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India., Baker N; Geisinger College of Health Sciences, Danville, Pennsylvania., Cheng Y; Tower Health, West Reading, Pennsylvania., Teichman AL; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Englert Z; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Thenappan A; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Baker M; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Kewalramani D; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Narayan M; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Choron RL; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Electronic address: Rachel.Choron@gmail.com. |
| Πηγή: | The Journal of surgical research [J Surg Res] 2026 Oct; Vol. 326, pp. 64-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 07. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0376340 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-8673 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00224804 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Surg Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: New York, NY : Academic Press Original Publication: Philadelphia [etc.] |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Wounds and Injuries*/complications , Wounds and Injuries*/therapy , Wounds and Injuries*/diagnosis , Pain Measurement*/standards , Pain Measurement*/methods , Pain Measurement*/statistics & numerical data , Pain Management*/standards , Pain Management*/methods , Pain Management*/statistics & numerical data , Guideline Adherence*/statistics & numerical data, Trauma Centers/statistics & numerical data ; Trauma Centers/standards ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Infant ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Infant, Newborn ; Clinical Protocols |
| Περίληψη: | Introduction: Pain in pediatric trauma patients is often under-assessed. A pain assessment and treatment (PAT) protocol was implemented to promote more consistent evaluation. This study examines its adoption and factors associated with adherence. We hypothesized that pain would be assessed more frequently following protocol adoption. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 908 pediatric trauma patients (ages 0-14) treated from 2021 to 2025 was conducted at a level II pediatric trauma center. The primary outcome was pain assessment. The predictors included sociodemographic, injury-related, and system-level factors. We reported the trend in protocol adoption and the pattern of adherence. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess factors associated with the adoption of the PAT protocol; the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: Of the 908 pediatric trauma patients, 79% (n = 720) had their pain assessed. Adherence to the PAT protocol increased from 62% in 2021 to 85% in 2023 and plateaued in 2024 and 2025 (79%). The median time from emergency department presentation to pain assessment was 14 min (IQR: 5.0, 31.5). Compared to infants and toddlers, pre-teens were 68% more likely to have their pain assessed in the emergency department (aOR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.08 - 2.78). Patients who presented to the trauma resuscitation area as pediatric trauma activations were 62% (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.25 - 0.59) less likely to have their pain assessed than non-activation patients. Conclusions: The adoption of the PAT protocol was associated with increased pain assessment among pediatric trauma patients. However, opportunities remain to improve pain assessment for the youngest patients (0-3 y) and those who arrive as trauma activations. (Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Pain; Pain assessment and treatment; Pain protocol; Pediatric trauma; Trauma resuscitation |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260707 Date Completed: 20261008 Latest Revision: 20261008 |
| Update Code: | 20261008 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jss.2026.06.001 |
| PMID: | 42413228 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1095-8673 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jss.2026.06.001 |