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Portable and rapid hydrazine monitoring by a large Stokes shift probe with smartphone-assisted quantification: Its real-sample applications.

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Τίτλος: Portable and rapid hydrazine monitoring by a large Stokes shift probe with smartphone-assisted quantification: Its real-sample applications.
Συγγραφείς: Erdemir S; Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Konya, 42250, Türkiye. Electronic address: serdemir82@selcuk.edu.tr., Oguz M; Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Konya, 42250, Türkiye., Malkondu S; Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Giresun, 28200, Türkiye., Kocak A; Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Konya, 42250, Türkiye.
Πηγή: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 406, pp. 128703. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 04.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8804476 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6424 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02697491 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Pollut Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Barking, Essex, England : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, c1987-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Hydrazines*/analysis , Environmental Monitoring*/methods , Environmental Monitoring*/instrumentation , Smartphone*, Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry ; Fluorescent Chemosensor Compounds
Περίληψη: A novel phenanthroimidazole-based donor-π-acceptor fluorescent probe incorporating benzothiazole and arylidene nitrile units was designed for the rapid and selective detection of hydrazine (N2H4). The probe exhibits strong orange fluorescence arising from an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process, which is switched to blue emission upon reaction with N2H4 due to disruption of the π-conjugated system. The sensing platform shows excellent selectivity toward N2H4 over metal ions, anions, amines, and biologically relevant species, along with a rapid response (∼120 s) and a low detection limit of 81 nM. A large Stokes shift (∼188 nm) effectively minimizes background interference. Mechanistic studies confirm that nucleophilic addition of N2H4 to the arylidene nitrile unit modulates the ICT process, leading to pronounced optical changes. The probe demonstrates good biocompatibility (cell viability >85% at 200 μM) and enables vapor-phase detection via probe-coated TLC kits with a clear orange-to-blue fluorescence response under UV light. Practical applicability is further demonstrated in soil, plant, and food samples, while smartphone-assisted analysis yields result consistent with the ninhydrin method. Overall, the developed system provides a simple, portable, and reliable platform for environmental monitoring of hydrazine.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Environmental monitoring; Fluorescence sensing; Hydrazine; ICT; Phenanthroimidazole
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Hydrazines)
27RFH0GB4R (hydrazine)
0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
0 (Fluorescent Chemosensor Compounds)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260704 Date Completed: 20260808 Latest Revision: 20260808
Update Code: 20260809
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128703
PMID: 42401329
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128703