Academic Journal
Activated Carbon Functionalization for Lipase Immobilization: Characterization, Hydrolytic Activity, and Ethyl Lactate Synthesis.
| Τίτλος: | Activated Carbon Functionalization for Lipase Immobilization: Characterization, Hydrolytic Activity, and Ethyl Lactate Synthesis. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Nascimento PA; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Borges JF; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Santos MPF; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil.; Department of Agroindustry, Federal University of Sergipe, Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Sergipe, 49680-000, Brazil., Alves AN; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Santos LS; Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Fontan RDCI; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Bonomo RCF; Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Itapetinga, 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil., Yang W; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia., Veloso CM; Department of Natural Science, State University of Southwestern Bahia, Vitoria da Conquista, 45083-900, Bahia, Brazil. crisvel@uesb.edu.br. |
| Πηγή: | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology [Appl Biochem Biotechnol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 198 (10), pp. 7831-7856. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 01. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8208561 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-0291 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02732289 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Clifton, N.J. : Humana Press, c1981- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Lipase*/chemistry , Lipase*/metabolism , Enzymes, Immobilized*/chemistry , Enzymes, Immobilized*/metabolism , Lactates*/chemical synthesis , Lactates*/chemistry , Charcoal*/chemistry , Fungal Proteins*/chemistry, Candida/enzymology ; Iridoids/chemistry ; Hydrolysis ; Animals ; Esterification ; Saccharomycetales |
| Περίληψη: | This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface modifications of activated carbon: genipin (GAC), iminodiacetic acid associated with metal particles (MAC), and the combination of genipin with metal particles (GMAC). For the immobilization of two lipases (porcine pancreatic lipase - PPL and Candida rugosa lipase - CRL). In addition, the applicability of the resulting biocatalysts was investigated using ethyl lactate synthesis as a model esterification reaction (40 °C/4 h, with a 1:3 molar ratio of lactic acid to ethanol). All adsorbents showed immobilization yield higher than 87%, with metalized activated carbons exhibiting the highest hydrolytic activities for both immobilized enzymes (48.1 U for PPL and 51.6 U for CRL). The immobilized derivatives achieved ethyl lactate conversions above 90% for both enzymes, with PPL GMAC reaching 94.2%, comparable to the native enzyme (94.9%). Moreover, the derivatives-maintained ester conversions above 80% after five consecutive reaction cycles under organic reaction conditions (GMAC 85.8% for PPL; GMAC 88.1% for CRL), indicating that the immobilization strategy effectively reduced enzyme desorption while preserving catalytic activity. Therefore, the synthesized derivatives demonstrated potential as reusable biocatalysts for the production of industrially important ester compounds, contributing to the development of more sustainable biotechnological processes. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Competing interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Aroma ester; Covalent bond; Functionalization; Genipin; Metallic particles |
| Substance Nomenclature: | EC 3.1.1.3 (Lipase) 0 (Enzymes, Immobilized) 0 (Lactates) F3P750VW8I (ethyl lactate) 16291-96-6 (Charcoal) A3V2NE52YG (genipin) 0 (Fungal Proteins) 0 (Iridoids) |
| SCR Organism: | Diutina rugosa |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260701 Date Completed: 20260923 Latest Revision: 20260926 |
| Update Code: | 20260926 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13601199 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12010-026-05810-x |
| PMID: | 42384252 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1559-0291 |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s12010-026-05810-x |