Academic Journal
Mutual Regulation Between Metal Ions and Secretion Systems in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Insights into Mechanisms and Functions.
| Τίτλος: | Mutual Regulation Between Metal Ions and Secretion Systems in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Insights into Mechanisms and Functions. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Ding M; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China., Cao M; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China., Zhang Y; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China. Electronic address: zhangyingzj85@163.com. |
| Πηγή: | Microbial pathogenesis [Microb Pathog] 2026 Sep; Vol. 218, pp. 108661. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 26. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8606191 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-1208 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08824010 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Pathog Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London ; Orlando : Academic Press, c1986- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Gram-Negative Bacteria*/metabolism , Gram-Negative Bacteria*/genetics , Gram-Negative Bacteria*/pathogenicity , Metals*/metabolism , Bacterial Secretion Systems*/metabolism , Bacterial Secretion Systems*/genetics , Bacterial Secretion Systems*/physiology , Ions*/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial*, Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Virulence Factors/metabolism ; Iron/metabolism |
| Περίληψη: | Gram-negative bacteria employ multiple secretion systems (such as T1SS, T2SS, T3SS, T6SS, etc.) to secrete and transport virulence factors, thereby overcoming their complex outer membrane barriers and host immune pressures. Metal ions such as Fe, Zn, Mg, and Ca play pivotal roles in bacterial growth, metabolism, and pathogenicity. These metal ions not only function as cofactors that maintain the structural stability of secretion systems components and support energy-dependent secretion processes, but also finely regulate the expression and function of secretion systems through multiple layers, including transcriptional modulation, which is primarily executed by dedicated metal-sensing proteins such as Fur, Zur, and PhoPQ. Concurrently, secretion systems exert feedback regulation over metal ion acquisition, such as iron transporter secretion and T6SS-mediated metal ion plundering, as well as detoxification processed including metal ion efflux systems. This review comprehensively summarizes the bidirectional crosstalk between metal ions and Gram-negative bacterial secretion systems, with a focus on dissecting their regulatory patterns, physiological functions, and translational application prospects. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Antimicrobial strategies; Gram-negative bacteria; Metal ions; Secretion systems; Virulence regulation |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Metals) 0 (Bacterial Proteins) 0 (Bacterial Secretion Systems) 0 (Virulence Factors) 0 (Ions) E1UOL152H7 (Iron) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260626 Date Completed: 20260718 Latest Revision: 20260718 |
| Update Code: | 20260719 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108661 |
| PMID: | 42361995 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1096-1208 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108661 |