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Association of Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Composition with All-Cause Mortality: 24-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.

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Τίτλος: Association of Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Composition with All-Cause Mortality: 24-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.
Συγγραφείς: Prinelli F; Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy., Russo AG; Epidemiology Unit, Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan City of Milan, Via Conca del Naviglio, 45, 20123 Milano, MI, Italy.
Πηγή: Nutrients [Nutrients] 2026 Jun 22; Vol. 18 (12). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 22.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Animal Proteins, Dietary*/analysis , Plant Proteins*/analysis , Diet*/mortality , Mortality* , Dietary Proteins*, Italy/epidemiology ; Obesity/mortality ; Overweight/mortality ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Longitudinal Studies ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Animals ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Body Mass Index
Περίληψη: Background: This study examined the associations of dietary animal (AP) and plant protein (PP) with all-cause mortality in an Italian population and assessed the potential effect modification by sex, smoking status, and overweight/obesity (defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Methods: This longitudinal population-based study included 1350 adults (50.2% females), aged 40-74 years, recruited between 1991 and 1995, who were followed for all-cause mortality through the regional mortality registry until 2015. Dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and protein composition was analysed within a compositional data analysis framework, modelling the balance of AP and PP within the overall macronutrient composition. The associations of protein balances with all-cause mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders. Effect modification was evaluated through stratified analyses. Results: During follow-up, 405 deaths occurred. A greater AP relative to other macronutrients was associated with higher mortality overall (hazard ratio (HR): 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.87) and in males (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05-2.33). In stratified analyses, these associations were restricted to ever smokers overall (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.32-3.20), males (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.18-3.06), females (HR 3.29, 95% CI 1.03-10.54), and to participants with normal weight (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.07-3.41). No overall association was observed for PP. Among females, PP was associated with lower mortality in those with normal weight. Conclusions: The associations between AP and PP and mortality differed by sex, smoking status, and adiposity, supporting more tailored dietary recommendations.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: all-cause mortality; compositional data analysis; dietary proteins; population-based cohort study
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Animal Proteins, Dietary)
0 (Plant Proteins)
0 (Dietary Proteins)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260626 Date Completed: 20260626 Latest Revision: 20260726
Update Code: 20260726
PubMed Central ID: PMC13304937
DOI: 10.3390/nu18122035
PMID: 42356421
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Association of Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Composition with All-Cause Mortality: 24-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prinelli+F%22">Prinelli F</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Russo+AG%22">Russo AG</searchLink>; Epidemiology Unit, Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan City of Milan, Via Conca del Naviglio, 45, 20123 Milano, MI, Italy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101521595%22">Nutrients</searchLink> [Nutrients] 2026 Jun 22; Vol. 18 (12). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jun 22.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22MDPI+Publishing%22">MDPI Publishing </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Switzerland <i>NLM ID: </i>101521595 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>2072-6643 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2220726643%22">20726643 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Nutrients <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Animal+Proteins%2C+Dietary%22">Animal Proteins, Dietary*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Animal+Proteins%2C+Dietary+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Proteins%22">Plant Proteins*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Proteins+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Diet%22">Diet*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Diet+mortality%22">mortality</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Mortality%22">Mortality*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Dietary+Proteins%22">Dietary Proteins*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Italy%22">Italy</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Italy+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Obesity%22">Obesity</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Obesity+mortality%22">mortality</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Overweight%22">Overweight</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Overweight+mortality%22">mortality</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Female%22">Female</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Male%22">Male</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Middle+Aged%22">Middle Aged</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Aged%22">Aged</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Adult%22">Adult</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Longitudinal+Studies%22">Longitudinal Studies</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Proportional+Hazards+Models%22">Proportional Hazards Models</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Risk+Factors%22">Risk Factors</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Body+Mass+Index%22">Body Mass Index</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: This study examined the associations of dietary animal (AP) and plant protein (PP) with all-cause mortality in an Italian population and assessed the potential effect modification by sex, smoking status, and overweight/obesity (defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<superscript>2</superscript>). Methods: This longitudinal population-based study included 1350 adults (50.2% females), aged 40-74 years, recruited between 1991 and 1995, who were followed for all-cause mortality through the regional mortality registry until 2015. Dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and protein composition was analysed within a compositional data analysis framework, modelling the balance of AP and PP within the overall macronutrient composition. The associations of protein balances with all-cause mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders. Effect modification was evaluated through stratified analyses. Results: During follow-up, 405 deaths occurred. A greater AP relative to other macronutrients was associated with higher mortality overall (hazard ratio (HR): 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.87) and in males (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05-2.33). In stratified analyses, these associations were restricted to ever smokers overall (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.32-3.20), males (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.18-3.06), females (HR 3.29, 95% CI 1.03-10.54), and to participants with normal weight (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.07-3.41). No overall association was observed for PP. Among females, PP was associated with lower mortality in those with normal weight. Conclusions: The associations between AP and PP and mortality differed by sex, smoking status, and adiposity, supporting more tailored dietary recommendations.
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>all-cause mortality; compositional data analysis; dietary proteins; population-based cohort study
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  Data: 10.3390/nu18122035
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        Value: 10.3390/nu18122035
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Italy epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Obesity mortality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Overweight mortality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
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      – SubjectFull: Body Mass Index
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      – SubjectFull: Animal Proteins, Dietary analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Proteins analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diet mortality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mortality
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      – SubjectFull: Dietary Proteins
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      – TitleFull: Association of Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Composition with All-Cause Mortality: 24-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.
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              Text: 2026 Jun 22
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