Academic Journal
Rhythm and timing in laughter reveal that human vocal plasticity falls on a hominid continuum.
| Τίτλος: | Rhythm and timing in laughter reveal that human vocal plasticity falls on a hominid continuum. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | De Gregorio C; ApeTank, Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. chiara.de-gregorio@warwick.ac.uk., Davila-Ross M; School of Psychology, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK., Lameira AR; ApeTank, Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. adriano.lameira@warwick.ac.uk. |
| Πηγή: | Communications biology [Commun Biol] 2026 Jun 25; Vol. 9 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 25. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101719179 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2399-3642 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23993642 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Commun Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group UK, [2018]- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Laughter*/physiology , Hominidae*/physiology , Vocalization, Animal*/physiology, Animals ; Humans ; Biological Evolution |
| Περίληψη: | Laughter is an important, universal form of human non-linguistic vocal expression and, being shared by all extant great apes, offers a valuable proxy for tracing the evolution of vocal control that ultimately enabled language. Yet surprisingly little is known about the evolution of its defining feature, rhythm. Here we show, through comparative analyses of laughter across all extant great apes (orangutans, gorillas, bonobos, chimpanzees, humans), that the laughter of the last common ancestor was already isochronous, becoming faster, more variable, and increasingly context-sensitive over hominid evolution. The evolution of laughter's rhythm reveals a progressive increase in vocal rhythmic plasticity, with humans following the overall trajectory toward enhanced vocal control. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
| References: | Davila-Ross, M., Allcock, B., Thomas, C. & Bard, K. A. Aping expressions? Chimpanzees produce distinct laugh types when responding to laughter of others. Emotion 11, 1013–1020 (2011). (PMID: 10.1037/a002259421355640) Provine, R. R. Laughter: A Scientific Investigation. xi, 258 (Penguin Press, New York, NY, US, 2001). Davila-Ross, M. D., Owren, M. J. & Zimmermann, E. The evolution of laughter in great apes and humans. Commun. Integr. Biol. 3, 191–194 (2010). (PMID: 10.4161/cib.3.2.10944) Davila-Ross, M. J., Owren, M. & Zimmermann, E. Reconstructing the evolution of laughter in great apes and humans. Curr. Biol. 19, 1106–1111 (2009). (PMID: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.02819500987) Davila-Ross, M. & Palagi, E. Laughter, play faces and mimicry in animals: evolution and social functions. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 377, 20210177 (2022). (PMID: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0177) Freeberg, T. M., Dunbar, R. I. M. & Ord, T. J. Social complexity as a proximate and ultimate factor in communicative complexity. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 367, 1785–1801 (2012). (PMID: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0213226418183367695) McComb, K. & Semple, S. Coevolution of vocal communication and sociality in primates. Biol. Lett. 1, 381–385 (2005). (PMID: 10.1098/rsbl.2005.0366171482121626386) Lameira, A. R., Hardus, M. E., Ravignani, A., Raimondi, T. & Gamba, M. Recursive self-embedded vocal motifs in wild orangutans. eLife 12, RP88348 (2024). (PMID: 10.7554/eLife.88348.33825212310945596) De Gregorio, C., Gamba, M. & Lameira, A. R. Third-order self-embedded vocal motifs in wild orangutans, and the selective evolution of recursion. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1549, 219–229 (2025). (PMID: 10.1111/nyas.153734037695612309442) De Gregorio, C. & Lameira, A. R. Twice times two: dual mechanism for double rhythmic meter in orangutans and the evolution of human song. iScience 29, 114273 (2026). (PMID: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.11427341492465) De Gregorio, C. et al. Categorical rhythms in a singing primate. Curr. Biol. 31, R1379–R1380 (2021). (PMID: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.03234699799) De Gregorio, C. et al. Isochrony as ancestral condition to call and song in a primate. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1537, 41–50 (2024). (PMID: 10.1111/nyas.1515138925552) De Gregorio, C., Antonini, P., Heymann, E. W. & Gamba, M. Isochrony in titi monkeys duets: social context as a proximate cause of duets’ rhythm and regularity. Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 292, 20242805 (2025). (PMID: 10.1098/rspb.2024.2805) Ma, H. et al. Small apes adjust rhythms to facilitate song coordination. Curr. Biol. 34, 935–945.e3 (2024). (PMID: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.07138266649) De Gregorio, C. et al. Isochronous singing in 3 crested gibbon species (Nomascus spp.). Curr. Zool. 70, 291–297 (2024). (PMID: 10.1093/cz/zoad02939035758) Pellis, S. M., Pellis, V. C. & Reinhart, C. J. The Evolution of Social Play. in Formative Experiences: The Interaction of Caregiving, Culture, and Developmental Psychobiology (eds Worthman, C. M., Cummings, C. A., Schechter, D. S. & Plotsky, P. M.) 404–431 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511711879.037 . Palagi, E. et al. Rough-and-tumble play as a window on animal communication. Biol. Rev. 91, 311–327 (2016). (PMID: 10.1111/brv.1217225619897) Bramble, D. M. & Carrier, D. R. Running and breathing in mammals. Science 219, 251–256 (1983). (PMID: 10.1126/science.68491366849136) Kipper, S. & Todt, D. Variation of sound parameters affects the evaluation of human laughter. Behaviour 138, 1161–1178 (2001). (PMID: 10.1163/156853901753287181) Kipper, S. & Todt, D. The role of rhythm and pitch in the evaluation of human laughter. J. Nonverbal Behav. 27, 255–272 (2003). (PMID: 10.1023/A:1027384817134) Echols, C. H., Crowhurst, M. J. & Childers, J. B. The perception of rhythmic units in speech by infants and adults. J. Mem. Lang. 36, 202–225 (1997). (PMID: 10.1006/jmla.1996.2483) Gabrielsson, A. (ed) Action and Perception in Rhythm and Music: Papers given at a Symposium in the Third International Conference on Event Perception and Action. 237 (Royal Swedish Academy of Music, 1987). Vettin, J. & Todt, D. Human laughter, social play, and play vocalizations of non-human primates: an evolutionary approach. Behaviour 142, 217–240 (2005). (PMID: 10.1163/1568539053627640) R Core Team. R. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/ (2021). Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Suleski, M. & Hedges, S. B. TimeTree: a resource for timelines, timetrees, and divergence times. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34, 1812–1819 (2017). (PMID: 10.1093/molbev/msx11628387841) Dobson, A. J. An Introduction to Generalized Linear Models (Chapman and Hall/CRC, New York, 2001). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420057683 . Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B. & Walker, S. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J. Stat. Softw. 67, 1–48 (2015). (PMID: 10.18637/jss.v067.i01) Lenth, R. emmeans: Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means_. R package version 1.8. 5. (2023). Roeske, T. C., Tchernichovski, O., Poeppel, D. & Jacoby, N. Categorical rhythms are shared between songbirds and humans. Curr. Biol. 30, 3544–3555.e6 (2020). (PMID: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.072327070627511425) Brooks, M. E. et al. glmmTMB balances speed and flexibility among packages for zero-inflated generalized linear mixed modeling. R. J. 9, 378–400 (2017). (PMID: 10.32614/RJ-2017-066) De Gregorio, C., Davila-Ross, M., & Lameira, A. (2026). Rhythm and timing in laughter reveal that human vocal plasticity falls on a hominid continuum [Data set]. Communications Biology. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19005404 . |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260625 Date Completed: 20260626 Latest Revision: 20260726 |
| Update Code: | 20260726 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13304170 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s42003-026-10499-z |
| PMID: | 42350767 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 2399-3642 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1038/s42003-026-10499-z |