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Microencapsulation of Saskatoon berry polyphenols in inulin/galactooligosaccharide matrices: Effects on bioaccessibility, transepithelial transport, and bioactivity.

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Τίτλος: Microencapsulation of Saskatoon berry polyphenols in inulin/galactooligosaccharide matrices: Effects on bioaccessibility, transepithelial transport, and bioactivity.
Συγγραφείς: Lachowicz-Wiśniewska S; Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Kalisz, Pl. W. Bogusławskiego 2, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland; Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120 street, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: s.lachowicz-wisniewska@uniwersytetkaliski.edu.pl., Miller A; Doctoral School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Kalisz, Pl. W. Bogusławskiego 2, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland. Electronic address: szd.6.2025@uniwersytetkaliski.edu.pl., Świeca M; Laboratory of Enzymology and Bioactive Additives, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: michal.swieca@up.lublin.pl., Żurek N; Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 9 street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland. Electronic address: nzurek@ur.edu.pl., Kapusta I; Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 9 street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland. Electronic address: ikapusta@ur.edu.pl., Rybak K; Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Institute of Food Sciences; Department of Food Engineering, Nowoursynowska 166 street, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland. Electronic address: katarzyna_rybak@sggw.edu.pl., Sip A; Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48 street, 60-627 Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: anna.sip@up.poznan.pl.
Πηγή: Food chemistry [Food Chem] 2026 Sep 15; Vol. 523, pp. 150069. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 17.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7702639 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-7072 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03088146 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Barking : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers
Original Publication: Barking, Eng., Applied Science Publishers.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Inulin*/chemistry , Inulin*/metabolism , Polyphenols*/chemistry , Polyphenols*/metabolism , Polyphenols*/pharmacology , Fruit*/chemistry , Fruit*/metabolism , Oligosaccharides*/chemistry , Oligosaccharides*/metabolism , Plant Extracts*/chemistry , Plant Extracts*/metabolism , Drug Compounding*/methods , Ananas*/chemistry , Ananas*/metabolism, Prebiotics/analysis ; Antioxidants/chemistry ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Humans ; Caco-2 Cells ; Biological Transport ; Digestion ; Biological Availability
Περίληψη: Polyphenols from Saskatoon berry are promising functional ingredients, yet their value depends on stability during processing, digestion, and transepithelial transfer. This study evaluated freeze-dried inulin (INU) and inulin/galactooligosaccharide (INU/GOS) matrices as carriers for purified Saskatoon berry phenolics. Powders containing 5-25% GOS were characterized by SEM, simulated gastrointestinal digestion, Caco-2 transport, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays, prebiotic testing, and cytocompatibility assessment. Initial phenolic retention remained high (88.5-92.7%). Digestion markedly reshaped the profile: apparent total polyphenol bioaccessibility reached 106.2-122.6%, anthocyanins were the least stable fraction, and phenolic acids together with selected flavonols dominated the post-digestive pool. Transepithelial transfer was selective; INU90:GOS10 showed the most favorable overall transfer profile, whereas INU80:GOS20 yielded the highest absolute phenolic content after transport. GOS-containing systems improved selected antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and prebiotic responses, while pure inulin showed the highest cytocompatibility. Overall, carrier composition modulated the post-digestive functionality of Saskatoon berry polyphenols.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Bioaccessibility; Galactooligosaccharides; Inulin; Microencapsulation; Polyphenols; Saskatoon berry; Transepithelial transport; Transport efficiency
Substance Nomenclature: 9005-80-5 (Inulin)
0 (Polyphenols)
0 (Oligosaccharides)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Prebiotics)
0 (Antioxidants)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260622 Date Completed: 20260807 Latest Revision: 20260807
Update Code: 20260807
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150069
PMID: 42330646
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Microencapsulation of Saskatoon berry polyphenols in inulin/galactooligosaccharide matrices: Effects on bioaccessibility, transepithelial transport, and bioactivity.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lachowicz-Wiśniewska+S%22">Lachowicz-Wiśniewska S</searchLink>; Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Kalisz, Pl. W. Bogusławskiego 2, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland; Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120 street, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: s.lachowicz-wisniewska@uniwersytetkaliski.edu.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Miller+A%22">Miller A</searchLink>; Doctoral School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Kalisz, Pl. W. Bogusławskiego 2, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland. Electronic address: szd.6.2025@uniwersytetkaliski.edu.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Świeca+M%22">Świeca M</searchLink>; Laboratory of Enzymology and Bioactive Additives, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: michal.swieca@up.lublin.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Żurek+N%22">Żurek N</searchLink>; Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 9 street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland. Electronic address: nzurek@ur.edu.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kapusta+I%22">Kapusta I</searchLink>; Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 9 street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland. Electronic address: ikapusta@ur.edu.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rybak+K%22">Rybak K</searchLink>; Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Institute of Food Sciences; Department of Food Engineering, Nowoursynowska 166 street, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland. Electronic address: katarzyna_rybak@sggw.edu.pl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sip+A%22">Sip A</searchLink>; Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48 street, 60-627 Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: anna.sip@up.poznan.pl.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Inulin%22">Inulin*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Inulin+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Inulin%22">Inulin*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Inulin+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols%22">Polyphenols*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols%22">Polyphenols*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols%22">Polyphenols*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Polyphenols+pharmacology%22">pharmacology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fruit%22">Fruit*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fruit+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fruit%22">Fruit*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fruit+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Oligosaccharides%22">Oligosaccharides*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Oligosaccharides+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Oligosaccharides%22">Oligosaccharides*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Oligosaccharides+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts%22">Plant Extracts*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts%22">Plant Extracts*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Drug+Compounding%22">Drug Compounding*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Drug+Compounding+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ananas%22">Ananas*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ananas+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ananas%22">Ananas*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ananas+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Prebiotics%22">Prebiotics</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Prebiotics+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants%22">Antioxidants</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants%22">Antioxidants</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants+pharmacology%22">pharmacology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants%22">Antioxidants</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antioxidants+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Caco-2+Cells%22">Caco-2 Cells</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biological+Transport%22">Biological Transport</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Digestion%22">Digestion</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biological+Availability%22">Biological Availability</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Polyphenols from Saskatoon berry are promising functional ingredients, yet their value depends on stability during processing, digestion, and transepithelial transfer. This study evaluated freeze-dried inulin (INU) and inulin/galactooligosaccharide (INU/GOS) matrices as carriers for purified Saskatoon berry phenolics. Powders containing 5-25% GOS were characterized by SEM, simulated gastrointestinal digestion, Caco-2 transport, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays, prebiotic testing, and cytocompatibility assessment. Initial phenolic retention remained high (88.5-92.7%). Digestion markedly reshaped the profile: apparent total polyphenol bioaccessibility reached 106.2-122.6%, anthocyanins were the least stable fraction, and phenolic acids together with selected flavonols dominated the post-digestive pool. Transepithelial transfer was selective; INU90:GOS10 showed the most favorable overall transfer profile, whereas INU80:GOS20 yielded the highest absolute phenolic content after transport. GOS-containing systems improved selected antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and prebiotic responses, while pure inulin showed the highest cytocompatibility. Overall, carrier composition modulated the post-digestive functionality of Saskatoon berry polyphenols.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Bioaccessibility; Galactooligosaccharides; Inulin; Microencapsulation; Polyphenols; Saskatoon berry; Transepithelial transport; Transport efficiency
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  Data: 9005-80-5 (Inulin)<br />0 (Polyphenols)<br />0 (Oligosaccharides)<br />0 (Plant Extracts)<br />0 (Prebiotics)<br />0 (Antioxidants)
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  Data: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150069
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        Value: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150069
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 150069
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antioxidants chemistry
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      – SubjectFull: Antioxidants pharmacology
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