Formation of persistent transformation products during MnO2-Biological degradation of Alizarin Red S in DHS reactors.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Formation of persistent transformation products during MnO2-Biological degradation of Alizarin Red S in DHS reactors.
Συγγραφείς: Noorain R; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan; Section of Environmental Engineering Technology, Malaysia Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Lot 1988, Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia. Electronic address: sitinoorain@unikl.edu.my., Hirota J; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan., Kambara H; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan; Biomanufacturing Process Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1, Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8517, Japan., Yangbo C; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan., Hitam SMS; Section of Environmental Engineering Technology, Malaysia Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Lot 1988, Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia., Shoiful A; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan; Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PUSPIPTEK, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia., Matsushita S; Agricultural Technology Research Center, Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, 6869, Hara, Hachihonmatsu, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0151, Japan., Kindaichi T; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan., Ohashi A; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan.
Πηγή: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2026 Aug; Vol. 408, pp. 144991. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0320657 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1298 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00456535 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Chemosphere Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Oxford : Elsevier Science Ltd
Original Publication: Oxford, New York, : Pergamon Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Anthraquinones*/metabolism , Anthraquinones*/chemistry , Anthraquinones*/analysis , Oxides*/chemistry , Manganese Compounds*/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/metabolism , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Waste Disposal, Fluid*/methods , Coloring Agents*/metabolism , Coloring Agents*/chemistry , Bioreactors*, Wastewater/chemistry ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Oxidation-Reduction
Περίληψη: Anthraquinone dyes such as Alizarin Red S (ARS) are resistant to conventional biological wastewater treatment due to their stable aromatic structures. This study investigated ARS degradation using combined abiotic oxidation by MnO2 and biological treatment in Downflow Hanging Sponge (DHS) reactors. Five reactor configurations were operated to evaluate the individual and combined contributions of MnO2 oxidation and microbial activity. Biological treatment alone resulted in negligible ARS removal, whereas abiotic MnO2 rapidly decolorized the dye but achieved only partial mineralization. The combined MnO2-biological system achieved high removal performance under the tested conditions, with >95% decolorization and approximately 50-55% total organic carbon (TOC) removal, while sequential systems also demonstrated effective removal under different treatment configurations. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis detected multiple transformation products formed during ARS degradation, indicating that MnO2 likely initiated oxidative transformation of the anthraquinone structure, followed by microbial transformation of the resulting intermediates. However, several persistent transformation products were detected across the tested systems, indicating incomplete mineralization. These findings suggest that persistent intermediates may represent a key limitation in MnO2-biological treatment of anthraquinone dyes.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Anthraquinone dye; Downflow hanging sponge reactor; Hybrid chemical-biological treatment; MnO(2) oxidation; Persistent by-products
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Anthraquinones)
0 (Oxides)
0 (Manganese Compounds)
3F3AT0Q12H (Alizarin Red S)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Coloring Agents)
TF219GU161 (manganese dioxide)
64J2OA7MH3 (manganese oxide)
0 (Wastewater)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260608 Date Completed: 20260618 Latest Revision: 20260618
Update Code: 20260619
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144991
PMID: 42259082
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.144991