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Efficient extraction of fluorinated non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists on a novel trifluoromethyl functionalized magnetic microporous organic network.

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Title: Efficient extraction of fluorinated non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists on a novel trifluoromethyl functionalized magnetic microporous organic network.
Authors: Liu C; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China., Kang JM; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China., Cui YY; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China., Yang CX; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China. Electronic address: cxyang@nankai.edu.cn.
Source: Journal of chromatography. A [J Chromatogr A] 2026 Aug 30; Vol. 1783, pp. 467166. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 03.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9318488 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3778 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00219673 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Chromatogr A Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier, 1993-
MeSH Terms: Solid Phase Extraction*/methods , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/isolation & purification , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/chemistry , Androgen Receptor Antagonists*/isolation & purification , Androgen Receptor Antagonists*/analysis , Androgen Receptor Antagonists*/chemistry, Nitriles/isolation & purification ; Nitriles/analysis ; Nitriles/chemistry ; Tosyl Compounds/isolation & purification ; Tosyl Compounds/analysis ; Tosyl Compounds/chemistry ; Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives ; Phenylthiohydantoin/isolation & purification ; Phenylthiohydantoin/analysis ; Phenylthiohydantoin/chemistry ; Anilides/isolation & purification ; Anilides/analysis ; Anilides/chemistry ; Flutamide/isolation & purification ; Flutamide/analysis ; Flutamide/chemistry ; Fluorine/chemistry ; Benzamides ; Limit of Detection ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Adsorption ; Porosity ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Reproducibility of Results ; Halogenation ; Linear Models
Abstract: Given the widespread clinical use, environmental persistence, and potential ecological and health risks of non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists (NSAAs), developing a highly selective and sensitive method to detect their residues in aquatic environments is of significant importance and poses considerable challenges. Based on the hydrophobicity and fluorine-containing characteristics of NSAAs, this study designed and prepared a novel trifluoromethyl functionalized magnetic microporous organic network (MMON-CF3) for the efficient and selective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of three typical NSAAs, namely flutamide, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide, from environmental water samples before HPLC-UV quantification. The as-prepared MMON-CF3 features a uniform core-shell structure, high specific surface area, good hydrophobicity, and superparamagnetism. These characteristics endow the material with outstanding extraction capability and selectivity toward the target NSAAs, driven by distinctive F-F contacts, hydrogen-bonding interactions, hydrophobic adsorption, and π-π conjugation. Under optimum extraction parameters, the developed MMON-CF3-MSPE-HPLC-UV method demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance for the three analytes, including low limits of detection (0.1-0.2 μg L-1), a broad linear range (0.5-1000 μg L-1), high enrichment factors (91.2-95.6), minimal adsorbent dosage (3 mg), and fast extraction equilibrium (6 min). The present work underscores the promising application potential of fluorinated MON-based materials in the sample pretreatment of fluorinated pharmaceutical contaminants from complicated environmental matrices.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Fluorinated microporous organic network; Fluorophilic adsorbent; Magnetic solid-phase extraction; Non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists; Sample pretreatment
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Benzamides)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Androgen Receptor Antagonists)
0 (Nitriles)
0 (Tosyl Compounds)
2010-15-3 (Phenylthiohydantoin)
A0Z3NAU9DP (bicalutamide)
0 (Anilides)
93T0T9GKNU (enzalutamide)
76W6J0943E (Flutamide)
284SYP0193 (Fluorine)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260607 Date Completed: 20260629 Latest Revision: 20260629
Update Code: 20260630
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2026.467166
PMID: 42251845
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:1873-3778
DOI:10.1016/j.chroma.2026.467166