Academic Journal
Long-term monitoring of sand fly populations: temporal responses to land-use change and climatic variability.
| Τίτλος: | Long-term monitoring of sand fly populations: temporal responses to land-use change and climatic variability. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Waitz Y; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. yonyonw@gmail.com., Paz S; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel., Elbaz S; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Diaz D; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Ben-Avi I; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Studentsky L; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Hacklai E; Division of Pest Control and Pesticides, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Jerusalem, Israel., Reicher S; Division of Pest Control and Pesticides, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Jerusalem, Israel., Drori R; Israel Meteorological Service, Beit Dagan, Israel., Davidovich-Cohen M; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Orshan L; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel., Kirstein OD; Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Services (PHS), Ministry of Health (MOH), Jerusalem (PHL-J), Israel. |
| Πηγή: | Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2026 Jun 05; Vol. 19 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 05. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101462774 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-3305 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17563305 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasit Vectors Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Psychodidae*/physiology , Insect Vectors*/physiology , Phlebotomus*/physiology , Climate Change*, Leishmaniasis/transmission ; Animals ; Seasons ; Israel ; Population Dynamics ; Climate ; Humans ; Ecosystem |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Phlebotomine sand flies are the sole vector of leishmaniasis and other sand fly-borne diseases, and their populations are shaped by climate and human-driven environmental change. While warming is expected to expand sand fly ranges, the joint effects of long-term climatic variability and land-use change on population dynamics remain poorly understood, largely owing to limited long-term monitoring. Methods: We analyzed an 18-year dataset (2005-2021) from a site in semi-arid Ma'ale Adumim, Israel, using CO Results: A marked land-cover transformation associated with an irrigated park was identified, increasing dry-season vegetation. Sand fly species showed contrasting long-term trends and phase-dependent responses: Phlebotomus sergenti and P. papatasi were most abundant immediately after landscape modification and declined later, whereas P. tobbi and P. syriacus increased after park establishment. Seasonal activity was strongly species-specific with limited interspecific synchrony. Climatic variability explained little interannual variation overall; only P. tobbi maximum abundance and timing of within-season population increase were associated with the timing of thermal onset. Conclusions: Anthropogenic land-use change dominated long-term sand fly population dynamics, often exceeding climatic effects, and altered habitat suitability in species-specific, phase-dependent ways. Integrating land management and spatial planning into prevention strategies is critical for reducing leishmaniasis risk in human-modified landscapes. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | 101057690 European Commission grant; 10038150;10039289 UK Research and Innovation |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Phlebotomus; Anthropogenic environmental change; Climatic variability; Land-use change; Leishmaniasis vectors; Long-term surveillance; Population dynamics; Sand flies; Seasonality |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260605 Date Completed: 20260811 Latest Revision: 20260813 |
| Update Code: | 20260813 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13459740 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-026-07475-1 |
| PMID: | 42249496 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1756-3305 |
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| DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-026-07475-1 |