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Stage-Resolved Proteomic and Structural Insights Into Apocarotenoid Biosynthesis During Saffron (Crocus sativus) Flower Development.

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Τίτλος: Stage-Resolved Proteomic and Structural Insights Into Apocarotenoid Biosynthesis During Saffron (Crocus sativus) Flower Development.
Συγγραφείς: Muduli N; Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.; Centre of Excellence for Environment & Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India., Mohan Behera P; Centre of Excellence for Environment & Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.; Redox Biology and Proteomics Lab, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India., Sahoo S; Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.; Centre of Excellence for Environment & Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India., Samanta L; Centre of Excellence for Environment & Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.; Redox Biology and Proteomics Lab, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India., Kumar Sahoo K; Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.; Centre of Excellence for Environment & Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.
Πηγή: Proteomics [Proteomics] 2026 Oct; Vol. 26 (10), pp. 46-59. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 30.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101092707 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1615-9861 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16159853 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proteomics Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Crocus*/metabolism , Crocus*/growth & development , Crocus*/genetics , Flowers*/growth & development , Flowers*/metabolism , Flowers*/genetics , Plant Proteins*/metabolism , Plant Proteins*/genetics , Plant Proteins*/chemistry , Proteome*/metabolism , Proteome*/analysis, Proteomics/methods ; Carotenoids/metabolism ; Terpenes/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Protein Interaction Maps
Περίληψη: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the world's most valuable spices, renowned for its distinctive aroma, flavor, and pharmacological properties derived from apocarotenoids such as crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal, which accumulate in the stigmas during flower development. Despite their economic and medicinal importance, the molecular regulation of apocarotenoid biosynthesis across floral developmental stages remains poorly understood, particularly at the proteomic level. To address this gap, we applied an LC-MS/MS-based proteomic approach combined with bioinformatic and structural analyses to characterize stage-specific protein expression across five developmental stages: corm with floral shoot buds (A1), flower inside the sheath (S1), just outside the sheath (S2), flower at unopened state (S3), and flower at opened state (S4). Differential abundance analysis, gene ontology enrichment, STRING-based protein-protein interaction networks, KEGG pathway mapping, and structural modeling identified 57 developmentally regulated proteins linked to stigma differentiation and apocarotenoid metabolism. Stage-specific protein sets comprising 128 (A1), 44 (S1), 38 (S2), 29 (S3), and 29 (S4) proteins were selected using stringent statistical thresholds and validated through Limma-based differential expression analysis. Key enzymes, including PSY2, CCD2, ALDH2B4, and UGT707B1, emerged as central regulators of apocarotenoid biosynthesis during floral maturation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive proteomic framework underlying stigma development and apocarotenoid accumulation in saffron, offering valuable molecular targets for improving metabolite yield and quality. The data supporting this study have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange repository under the identifier PXD076029.
(© 2026 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
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Grant Information: EMR/2016/003094 Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB); Ref.No.-SR/FST/LS/II/2018/219 DST- FIST, Govt. of India; Ref.No.-26913/HED/HE-PTC-WB-02-17 OHEPEE, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: apocarotenoid synthesis; gene ontology; molecular modelling; networks; pathways; proteomics; saffron flower
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Plant Proteins)
36-88-4 (Carotenoids)
0 (Terpenes)
0 (Proteome)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260530 Date Completed: 20260926 Latest Revision: 20260926
Update Code: 20260927
DOI: 10.1002/pmic.70151
PMID: 42216577
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1615-9861
DOI:10.1002/pmic.70151