Academic Journal
Effect of VEGF coating and intra-arterial injection of mesenchymal stem cells on neointima formation after endovascular stenting in a rabbit model.
| Τίτλος: | Effect of VEGF coating and intra-arterial injection of mesenchymal stem cells on neointima formation after endovascular stenting in a rabbit model. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Panchendrabose K; 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta., Ladak RJ; 2Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec., Muram S; 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta., Belanger BL; 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta., Akbari-Kelachayeh K; 4Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba., Eesa M; 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta.; 5Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Alberta., Almekhlafi MA; 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta., Sen A; 6Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta.; 7Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta; and., Har B; 8Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada., Mitha AP; 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta.; 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta. |
| Πηγή: | Journal of neurosurgery [J Neurosurg] 2026 May 29; Vol. 145 (2), pp. 466-476. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 29 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: American Association of Neurological Surgeons Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0253357 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1933-0693 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223085 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurosurg Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Charlottesville, VA : American Association of Neurological Surgeons Original Publication: Chicago [etc.] |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*/administration & dosage , Neointima*/prevention & control , Neointima*/pathology , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation*/methods , Stents*/adverse effects , Endovascular Procedures* , Drug-Eluting Stents*, Animals ; Rabbits ; Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer ; Injections, Intra-Arterial ; Lactic Acid ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Male |
| Περίληψη: | Objective: The rates of thromboembolic events are highest within the first few days of intracranial stent placement and before complete endothelialization has occurred. Accelerating the rate of neointima formation may be a strategy to reduce thromboembolic events. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) embedded in a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coating in conjunction with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve neointima formation after stent placement. Methods: Endovascular stents were coated with VEGF/PLGA or PLGA alone (control 1) or left uncoated (control 2), and protein quantification was performed both before and after a mock endovascular deployment process. A total of 23 New Zealand White rabbits then underwent endovascular implantation of stents coated with VEGF/PLGA, followed by an intra-arterial microcatheter injection of MSCs; stents coated with VEGF/PLGA without MSC injection (vehicle alone); stents coated with PLGA alone without MSC injection (vehicle alone); or uncoated stents without MSC injection (vehicle alone). After stent deployment on day 0 and prior to euthanasia on day 3, animals underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT), so that the degree of neointima formation over the stent struts as well as thrombus formation could be evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed after euthanasia. OCT and SEM images were both scored by observers blinded to treatment group. Results: Stents coated with VEGF/PLGA contained a significantly larger amount of protein than the stents coated with PLGA alone or uncoated stents, and there was no significant loss of protein after the mock delivery process. In vivo, VEGF/PLGA-coated stents with MSC injection demonstrated superior measurements of the neointimal area, neointimal ratio, stent-strut neointimal coverage ratio, and maximum neointimal thickness on OCT compared to those for the uncoated stent at 3 days. VEGF/PLGA-coated stents with MSCs also showed significantly improved scores on SEM and a large, though not statistically significant, reduction in the variability of thrombus formation compared to that with uncoated stents at 3 days (p = 0.06). Conclusions: This short-term study demonstrates that coating stents with VEGF embedded in PLGA, along with an intra-arterial injection of MSCs, improves neointimal coverage and may reduce thrombus formation. Follow-up studies are required to assess the long-term consequences of VEGF and MSC administration, as well as to elucidate the potential mechanism of their effect. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: VEGF; angiography; endothelium; endovascular neurosurgery; stem cell; stent; vascular disorders |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) 1SIA8062RS (Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer) 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) 26009-03-0 (Polyglycolic Acid) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260529 Date Completed: 20260801 Latest Revision: 20260801 |
| Update Code: | 20260802 |
| DOI: | 10.3171/2025.12.JNS251651 |
| PMID: | 42214099 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1933-0693 |
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| DOI: | 10.3171/2025.12.JNS251651 |