Academic Journal
EASL position paper on preclinical models of steatotic liver disease.
| Τίτλος: | EASL position paper on preclinical models of steatotic liver disease. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Gallage S; University of Tübingen, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Cancer Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation, M3 Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome, Otfried-Müller-Straße 37, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: Suchira.Gallage@med.uni-tuebingen.de., Castro RE; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal., Estall J; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Cardiometabolic Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada., Tabas I; Department of Medicine and Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA., Anstee QM; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Tiniakos DG; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Szabo G; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Yu J; Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China., Desdouets C; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France, Genomic Instability, Metabolism, Immunity and Liver Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2023, Paris, France., Tacke F; Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) and Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany., Oakley F; Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Bioscience Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Heikenwalder M; University of Tübingen, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Cancer Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation, M3 Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome, Otfried-Müller-Straße 37, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumour Therapies', Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence CMFI (EXC 2124) 'Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections', University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: Mathias.Heikenwaelder@med.uni-tuebingen.de. |
| Πηγή: | Journal of hepatology [J Hepatol] 2026 Aug; Vol. 85 (2), pp. 345-382. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 27. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review; Consensus Statement; Practice Guideline |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8503886 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1600-0641 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01688278 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Hepatol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2001- : Amsterdam : Elsevier Original Publication: Copehnagen : Munksgaard International Publishers, [c1984- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*/metabolism , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*/etiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*/physiopathology , Disease Models, Animal* , Fatty Liver*, Humans ; Animals |
| Περίληψη: | Steatotic liver disease (SLD) comprises a heterogeneous group of liver diseases defined by pathological hepatic lipid accumulation with varying degrees of steatohepatitis and progressive fibrosis, which may culminate in cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. SLD encompasses metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); MetALD, describing patients with MASLD consuming moderately high amounts of alcohol; and alcohol-associated/related liver disease (ALD). In addition, SLD encompasses less common aetiologies, including drug-induced and monogenic causes, as well as cryptogenic disease, which lacks metabolic risk factors or an identifiable cause. As the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, MASLD, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is a complex multisystem disorder associated with extrahepatic organ dysfunction. Consequently, MASLD has become a major focus of multidisciplinary research, driving innovation across hepatology, immunology, cardiometabolism, addiction medicine, nutrition, prevention, and beyond. Over the past two decades, a broad array of in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo experimental models have been developed to recapitulate diverse aspects of SLD pathophysiology, genetics, inflammation, treatment response, and multi-organ crosstalk, substantially advancing mechanistic understanding and therapeutic development. However, the rapid expansion and heterogeneity of available models have also highlighted the need for improved categorisation, standardisation, and harmonisation in line with evolving disease definitions and clinical concepts. In this EASL position paper, we critically review and classify currently available experimental SLD models and propose key criteria required for their appropriate use across distinct SLD subtypes. These criteria encompass systemic and hepatic metabolism, cardiometabolic comorbidities, histopathology, immunopathology, and molecular features relevant to disease stage and aetiology. This position paper aims to guide informed model selection, promote consistent nomenclature, and enhance rigour and translational relevance in preclinical and experimental SLD research. (Copyright © 2026 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Conflicts of interest S.G and M.H report a research collaboration with OrsoBio. G Szabo is consultant for Durect, Evive, Pandion, Surrozen, NovoNordisc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cyta Therapeutics, Resolution and Intercept. Stock options with Glympse, Satellite Bio, and Ventyx. She receives royalties from Springer and Up-To-Date. FT’s lab has received research grants (funding to the institution) from AstraZeneca, MSD, Gilead, Agomab. FT has received honoraria for consulting or lectures from Gilead, Abbvie, Falk, AstraZeneca, Boehringer, Madrigal, MSD, GSK, Ipsen, Pfizer, Mirum, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. Other authors declare no competing interests or is specified in the accompanying disclosure forms. Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: ALD; Cirrhosis; Fibrosis; MASH; MASLD; MetALD; NAFLD; NASH; Obesity; Preclinical Mouse Models; SLD; Type 2 Diabetes |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260526 Date Completed: 20260716 Latest Revision: 20260716 |
| Update Code: | 20260717 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhep.2026.04.029 |
| PMID: | 42191458 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1600-0641 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhep.2026.04.029 |