Academic Journal
From Emergency Call to Emergency Department Handover: Emergency Medical Dispatch Support for Burn Injury Telephone Triage, Pre-Arrival Instructions and Referral Decisions.
| Τίτλος: | From Emergency Call to Emergency Department Handover: Emergency Medical Dispatch Support for Burn Injury Telephone Triage, Pre-Arrival Instructions and Referral Decisions. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Unterholzer F; Regional Emergency Dispatch Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical University, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy. Electronic address: fabian.unterholzer@sabes.it., La Notte M; Regional Emergency Dispatch Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy; Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical University, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy. |
| Πηγή: | The Journal of emergency medicine [J Emerg Med] 2026 Jul; Vol. 86, pp. 92-100. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 19. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8412174 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0736-4679 (Print) Linking ISSN: 07364679 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Emerg Med Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: <2010>- : New York : Elsevier Original Publication: New York : Pergamon Press, c1983- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Triage*/methods , Triage*/standards , Burns*/therapy , Patient Handoff*/standards , Emergency Medical Dispatch*/methods , Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems*, Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration ; Humans ; Referral and Consultation ; Telephone |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Initial burn management often starts at the emergency call. Emergency medical dispatch (EMD) must identify high-risk features, initiate evidence-based first aid, and support safe referral decisions despite uncertainty in burn size and depth. Study Objective: To synthesize evidence and standards relevant to dispatcher-assisted burn telephone triage, pre-arrival instructions, and destination/referral decisions, and to propose an implementable dispatch-to-emergency department (ED) framework. Methods: We performed a structured clinical (narrative) review informed by SANRA and complemented by standards and guideline sources. The synthesis provides a core pre-arrival instruction bundle (including cooling with hypothermia safeguards), phenotype-specific add-ons (chemical, electrical, inhalation risk), conservative escalation triggers, and a minimum prenotification dataset to support ED parallel processing. Conclusions: Standardized, safety-bounded dispatcher scripts and governance across the dispatch-ED interface may reduce harmful first-aid variation, improve timely escalation and burn-center referral, and strengthen handover quality for patients with burn injuries. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: burn center referral; burns; emergency medical dispatch; first aid; pre-arrival instructions; telephone triage |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260519 Date Completed: 20260612 Latest Revision: 20260612 |
| Update Code: | 20260612 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jemermed.2026.04.016 |
| PMID: | 42155954 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0736-4679 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jemermed.2026.04.016 |