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Dietary effects on the development and population dynamics of the Thelazia callipaeda vector Phortica okadai revealed by age-stage, two-sex life table analysis.

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Τίτλος: Dietary effects on the development and population dynamics of the Thelazia callipaeda vector Phortica okadai revealed by age-stage, two-sex life table analysis.
Συγγραφείς: Chen Z; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, 200025, China.; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Yan R; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Wang L; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, 200025, China.; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Zhou J; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Luo B; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Long D; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Yue R; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Liu H; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, 200025, China.; Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China., Shen Y; NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, 200025, China. shenyj@nipd.chinacdc.cn.
Πηγή: Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2026 May 08; Vol. 19 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101462774 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-3305 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17563305 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasit Vectors Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: London : BioMed Central
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Thelazioidea*/physiology , Thelazioidea*/growth & development , Insect Vectors*/growth & development , Insect Vectors*/parasitology , Insect Vectors*/physiology , Diptera*/growth & development , Diptera*/parasitology , Diptera*/physiology , Diet*, Spirurida Infections/transmission ; Animals ; Female ; Life Tables ; Population Dynamics ; Male ; Fertility
Περίληψη: Background: Phortica okadai (Diptera: Steganinae) is the primary vector of the zoonotic eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda (Nematoda: Spirurida). However, standardized laboratory rearing protocols for this vector are still lacking, which limits research on its biology and vector competence.
Methods: We evaluated the effects of five diets (fermented apple, pear, banana, and two artificial diets) on life history traits of P. okadai using age stage, two sex life table analysis under controlled conditions (28 ± 1 °C, 75 ± 5% RH, 14:10 h L:D). Life table parameters and population dynamics were analyzed with TWOSEX-MSChart and TIMING-MSChart (100,000 bootstrap replicates).
Results: All tested diets supported complete development. Fermented pear yielded the shortest pre adult duration (17.34 days), the highest fecundity (116.6 eggs per female), and the greatest intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.0902/day). Population projection showed that 10 initial eggs on fermented pear produced more than 1,200 adults within 90 days, which was approximately 10 fold higher than on other diets.
Conclusions: Fermented pear is the most suitable substrate for establishing laboratory colonies of P. okadai. These findings facilitate vector competence studies and indicate that pear orchards are potential high risk habitats for T. callipaeda transmission, supporting targeted One Health surveillance and control.
(© 2026. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Grant Information: NHCKFKT2023-10 the Open Project Fund of Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; ZSKH-HZ- [2024]-336 the Science and Technology Foundation of Zunyi City; 82360401 the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China; 82560404 the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China; MS [2025]346 the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program (Natural Science); 82372283 the National Natural Science Foundation Project of Chin
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Phortica okadai; Thelazia callipaeda; Age-stage two-sex life table; Laboratory rearing; Vector ecology
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260508 Date Completed: 20260702 Latest Revision: 20260726
Update Code: 20260726
PubMed Central ID: PMC13321572
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07408-y
PMID: 42104517
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-026-07408-y