Academic Journal
The impact of social inequalities on cancer incidence and mortality in a Brazilian City: Data from the population-based cancer registry.
| Τίτλος: | The impact of social inequalities on cancer incidence and mortality in a Brazilian City: Data from the population-based cancer registry. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | von Zuben APB; Epidemiologist and Information Coordinator of the Municipal Mario Gatti Hospital, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., do Carmo Ferreira M; Postdoctoral fellow of the Research and Teaching Projects Program of the National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., de Azevedo Barros MB; Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Nativo J; Department of Health Surveillance, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Correa MEP; Postdoctoral Fellow in Executive Scientific Project Management, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil., de Souza CA; Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: carmino@unicamp.br. |
| Πηγή: | Cancer epidemiology [Cancer Epidemiol] 2026 Aug; Vol. 103, pp. 103102. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 05. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101508793 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1877-783X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18777821 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cancer Epidemiol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Neoplasms*/epidemiology , Neoplasms*/mortality, Brazil/epidemiology ; Registries/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Incidence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Socioeconomic Disparities in Health ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Social Vulnerability |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Cancer represents one of the leading global public health challenges, with its burden shaped not only by biological factors but also by social and economic inequalities. In Brazil, even municipalities with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) exhibit persistent disparities. This study assessed temporal changes in cancer incidence, mortality, and social inequalities in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted using incidence and mortality rates of the most frequent neoplasms among men and women residing in Campinas, SP, Brazil from 2010 to 2014 and 2015-2019 from the Population-Based Cancer Registry and the Mortality Information System. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were estimated for the most common cancers, stratified by levels of social vulnerability based on the São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index. Inequalities were analyzed using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). Results: Among men, prostate cancer (RR= 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.99) and stomach cancer (RR= 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72-0.93) incidence declined, while mortality remained stable for most cancers, except for an increase in colorectal cancer mortality (RR 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00-1.32 - p = 0.032 and a reduction in stomach cancer mortality (RR= 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66-1.04). Socially vulnerable men showed persistently higher mortality from prostate, stomach, and oral cavity cancers. Among women, breast cancer incidence increased (RR= 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08-1.20), and overall mortality rose (RR= 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.12), particularly from lung cancer (RR= 1.25; 95% CI: 1.07-1.47). Vulnerable women exhibited consistently higher cervix uteri cancer incidence (2010-2014: RII= 2.90; 95% CI: 1.90-4.43 vs. 2015-2019: RII= 2.36; 95% CI: 1.58-3.53) and mortality (2010-2014: RII= 2.74; 95% CI: 1.42-5.26 vs. 2015-2019: RII= 3.60; 95% CI: 1.89-6.85), while breast cancer incidence remained higher among less vulnerable women (2010-2014: RII= 0.42; 95% CI: 0.37-0.49 vs. 2015-2019: RII= 0.49; 95% CI: 0.43-0.56). Inequalities in colorectal cancer incidence narrowed over time for both sexes; however, mortality inequality among men reversed, becoming higher among the most vulnerable in 2015-2019 (RII= 0.92; 95% CI: 0.66-1.29). Conclusion: Despite high socioeconomic development, substantial social inequalities in cancer incidence and mortality persist in Campinas, with some disparities widening over time. These findings highlight the need for targeted and equity-oriented cancer control strategies to improve access to early diagnosis, treatment, and care among socially vulnerable populations. (Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of Competing Interest The authors of the manuscript do not have any conflicts of interest to declare. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Brazil; Cancer epidemiology; Incidence; Mortality; Public health; Social inequalities |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260506 Date Completed: 20260715 Latest Revision: 20260715 |
| Update Code: | 20260715 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.canep.2026.103102 |
| PMID: | 42092223 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1877-783X |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.canep.2026.103102 |