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Human Brucellosis in Southeast Iran (2019-2023): Descriptive Epidemiology and Temporal Trends Based on Surveillance Data.

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Τίτλος: Human Brucellosis in Southeast Iran (2019-2023): Descriptive Epidemiology and Temporal Trends Based on Surveillance Data.
Συγγραφείς: Khoubfekr H; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Sheikh Z; Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Dadkhah S; Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Dehghan O; Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Ghahraman MRK; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Amiri H; Faculty of Management and Economics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Bahonar A; Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Πηγή: Zoonoses and public health [Zoonoses Public Health] 2026 Aug; Vol. 73 (5), pp. 431-438. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 26.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Blackwell Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101300786 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1863-2378 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18631959 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Zoonoses Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Brucellosis*/epidemiology, Iran/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Animals ; Male ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Child ; Seasons ; Incidence ; Livestock ; Child, Preschool ; Aged
Περίληψη: Introduction: Human brucellosis remains a persistent zoonotic and occupational health challenge in endemic regions of the Middle East. Despite long-standing national control efforts, limited region-specific evidence is available from southeastern Iran. This study described the demographic characteristics, exposure patterns, temporal and seasonal trends and spatial distribution of laboratory-confirmed human brucellosis in districts covered by the Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences between 2019 and 2023.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using routine surveillance records of all confirmed brucellosis cases. Demographic, occupational and exposure variables were summaried using descriptive statistics, and associations were assessed using Pearson's χ2 test. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with reported livestock contact. Annual and cumulative incidence rates per 100,000 population were calculated using official district census data, and spatial patterns were examined using GIS-based mapping.
Results: A total of 758 confirmed cases were recorded, with a mean age of 34.7 years. Females (61.3%) and rural residents (86.4%) predominated. Housewives (43.4%) and livestock farmers (33.2%) represented the main occupational groups. Reported exposures included consumption of unpasteuried dairy products (87.2%) and direct animal contact (81.9%). Livestock farming (OR 3.01; 95% CI: 1.74-5.21) and unpasteuried dairy consumption (OR 1.86; 95% CI: 1.13-3.06) were independently associated with livestock contact. Incidence peaked during spring and summer, with an overall declining trend over the study period. Higher cumulative incidence was observed in Sarbaz, Iranshahr and Dalgan districts.
Conclusion: Human brucellosis remains endemic in southeastern Iran, disproportionately affecting rural populations engaged in traditional livestock practices. Strengthened One Health interventions including expanded livestock vaccination, community-based food safety education and integrated cross-sectoral surveillance are required to reduce transmission and disease burden.
(© 2026 Wiley‐VCH GmbH. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Iran; One Health; brucellosis; epidemiology; spatial distribution; zoonosis
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260426 Date Completed: 20260702 Latest Revision: 20260702
Update Code: 20260703
DOI: 10.1111/zph.70061
PMID: 42036729
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1863-2378
DOI:10.1111/zph.70061