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Redox Shift from Antioxidant to Pro-Oxidant Activity Induced by Nanoencapsulated α-tocopherol in Diets for Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Redox Shift from Antioxidant to Pro-Oxidant Activity Induced by Nanoencapsulated α-tocopherol in Diets for Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).
Συγγραφείς: Manriquez-Patiño A; Doctorado en Oceanografía Costera, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Baja California (BC), Km 107 carretera Tij/Eda, Ensenada, 22860, México., Ríos-Ortiz A; Doctorado en Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas (IIO), UABC, Ensenada, BC, México., Vázquez-Duhalt R; Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, BC, México., Chávez-Santoscoy RA; Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Col: Tecnológico, 64700, Monterrey, N.L, México., Tinajero A; IIO, UABC, Ensenada, BC, México., Viana MT; IIO, UABC, Ensenada, BC, México. viana@uabc.edu.mx.
Πηγή: Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) [Mar Biotechnol (NY)] 2026 Apr 24; Vol. 28 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 24.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100892712 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1436-2236 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14362228 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mar Biotechnol (NY) Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: New York, NY : Springer-Verlag New York Inc., c1999-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): alpha-Tocopherol*/pharmacology , alpha-Tocopherol*/administration & dosage , Penaeidae*/metabolism , Penaeidae*/drug effects , Antioxidants*/pharmacology , Antioxidants*/metabolism , Antioxidants*/administration & dosage, Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/genetics ; Catalase/metabolism ; Catalase/genetics ; Chitosan/chemistry ; Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics ; Animal Feed/analysis ; Hepatopancreas/metabolism ; Hepatopancreas/drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Animals ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Aquaculture ; Diet
Περίληψη: Shrimp farming has seen significant growth in recent years, with increased production leading to intensification that requires less area to achieve higher yields. Intensive shrimp farming increases susceptibility to oxidative stress due to hypoxia and thermal fluctuations, compromising productivity and survival. Although α-tocopherol is widely used as a dietary antioxidant, its bioavailability and stability are limited along the intestinal tract. In this study, α-tocopherol was nanoencapsulated in chitosan via ionic gelation to enhance systemic delivery of α-tocopherol in Litopenaeus vannamei, resulting in nanoparticles with a diameter of 150 nanometers. For two weeks, four dietary treatments with five replicates were fed different nanoencapsulated α-tocopherol levels, (0, 2, 3, and 4 mg kg-1). A system of 20-aquariums was used, each aquarium defined as the experimental unit (EU). Prior to the experiment, nanoparticles labeled with fluorescent FITC were used to confirm whether they crossed the intestinal barrier. Gene expression analysis revealed a dose-dependent catalase (CAT) modulation of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the hepatopancreas, with transcriptional downregulation (qRT-PCR) at higher concentrations, suggesting reduced oxidative pressure or a shift toward pro-oxidant signaling. Despite the short length of the experimental procedure, these findings suggest that nanoencapsulated α-tocopherol not only enhances delivery efficiency but also unveils a redox transition threshold, highlighting the dual antioxidant/pro-oxidant nature of α-tocopherol in vivo. Nanotechnology with biomaterials such as chitosan presents a promising approach to mitigate oxidative stress by enhancing the stability and release of essential antioxidants. Furthermore, this work provides mechanistic insight into nanonutraceutical strategies for oxidative stress management in aquaculture. The pro-oxidant shift under longer experimental procedures is discussed.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Grant Information: Doctoral fellowship Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación; Frontera CF-2023-G-192 Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Additives; Feed; Gene expression; Peroxidation; Stress
Substance Nomenclature: H4N855PNZ1 (alpha-Tocopherol)
0 (Antioxidants)
EC 2.5.1.18 (Glutathione Transferase)
EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
EC 1.11.1.6 (Catalase)
9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
EC 1.11.1.9 (Glutathione Peroxidase)
0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260424 Date Completed: 20260627 Latest Revision: 20260627
Update Code: 20260628
PubMed Central ID: PMC13109143
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-026-10609-2
PMID: 42029969
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1436-2236
DOI:10.1007/s10126-026-10609-2