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Pediatric Tuberculosis Surveillance in Nuevo Leon, Mexico: A GIS-based Approach to Identify High-burden Areas.

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Τίτλος: Pediatric Tuberculosis Surveillance in Nuevo Leon, Mexico: A GIS-based Approach to Identify High-burden Areas.
Συγγραφείς: Concha-Mora LA; From the Tecnologico de Monterrey, Departamento de Pediatria, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Guzmán-Guajardo A; From the Tecnologico de Monterrey, Departamento de Pediatria, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico., Mares-Gil JE; From the Tecnologico de Monterrey, Departamento de Pediatria, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico., Tamez-Rivera O; From the Tecnologico de Monterrey, Departamento de Pediatria, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico.; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research.; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Primera Infancia, Monterrey, Mexico.
Πηγή: The Pediatric infectious disease journal [Pediatr Infect Dis J] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 45 (10), pp. 853-858. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 08.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8701858 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-0987 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08913668 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatr Infect Dis J Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: [Baltimore, Md. : Williams & Wilkins, c1987-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Tuberculosis*/epidemiology , Geographic Information Systems* , Epidemiological Monitoring*, Mexico/epidemiology ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Child ; Male ; Adolescent ; Infant, Newborn
Περίληψη: Background: Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains underdiagnosed and underreported in Mexico, with limited data on its spatial distribution. This study used geographic information systems (GIS) to map pediatric TB cases diagnosed at a tertiary referral hospital in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, to identify spatial patterns and socioeconomic inequities.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 145 pediatric TB cases (<15 years) diagnosed between 2010 and 2023 at Hospital Regional Materno Infantil, the main public tertiary referral center for children in Nuevo León. GIS analyses included kernel density estimation, kernel relative risk nearest neighbor index, distance to hospital and overlay with marginalization indices.
Results: Pulmonary TB was most common (55.2%; n = 80), followed by lymph node (15.8%; n = 23) and meningeal TB (13.1%; n = 19). Kernel density estimation identified hotspots in urban municipalities (Monterrey, Guadalupe, San Nicolás de los Garza). Nearest neighbor index confirmed significant clustering for pulmonary, lymph node and meningeal TB ( P < 0.05). Over 65% of cases resided >10 km from Hospital Regional Materno Infantil, and 85% lived in medium- to high-marginalization areas. Mortality (4.1%; n = 6) and treatment abandonment (11.0%; n = 16) were noted, with most occurring among cases from distant or marginalized areas.
Conclusion: GIS surveillance at a single tertiary center revealed nonrandom spatial clustering of pediatric TB in urban hotspots and areas of socioeconomic deprivation in Nuevo Leon. Integrating geocoded case data with population denominators could enhance routine TB surveillance to prioritize local investigations and interventions.
(Copyright © 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Mexico public health; geographic information systems; health disparities; pediatric tuberculosis; spatial analysis
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260408 Date Completed: 20260911 Latest Revision: 20260911
Update Code: 20260911
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000005229
PMID: 41947287
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1532-0987
DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000005229