Academic Journal
The role of hopelessness and depression in cannabis-induced first-episode psychosis: a 24-month prospective study.
| Τίτλος: | The role of hopelessness and depression in cannabis-induced first-episode psychosis: a 24-month prospective study. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Ricci V; University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy. Electronic address: valerio.ricci@unito.it., Martinotti G; Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy., Maina G; University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; Department of Neurosciences 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Italy. |
| Πηγή: | Addictive behaviors [Addict Behav] 2026 Aug; Vol. 179, pp. 108699. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 31. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Observational Study |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7603486 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6327 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03064603 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Addict Behav Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Oxford : Elsevier Science Original Publication: Oxford, Elmsford, N. Y., Pergamon Press. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Depression*/psychology , Depression*/epidemiology , Psychoses, Substance-Induced*/psychology , Psychoses, Substance-Induced*/epidemiology , Hope*, Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Adolescent |
| Περίληψη: | Cannabis use is a recognized risk factor for psychosis, yet the psychological mechanisms mediating this relationship remain incompletely understood. This 24-month prospective observational study investigated the role of hopelessness and depression in the development, maintenance, and outcomes of cannabis-induced first-episode psychosis (CIP). Participants (N = 72) with CIP were assessed at baseline and followed up at 6, 12, and 24 months. Hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), depressive symptoms (Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia), psychotic symptoms (PANSS), and cannabis use patterns were evaluated. Both hopelessness (β = 0.30, p < 0.001) and depression (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) independently predicted psychotic symptom severity after controlling for confounding variables. Mediation analyses revealed that hopelessness and depression partially mediated the relationship between cannabis use and persistent psychotic symptoms, accounting for 31% and 35% of the total effect, respectively. Continued cannabis use during follow-up was associated with increased hopelessness and depression, which predicted worse clinical outcomes. The combination of high hopelessness, clinically significant depression, and continued cannabis use conferred a particularly elevated risk for relapse (HR = 4.32, 95% CI [2.41, 7.75]). These findings highlight the importance of assessing and addressing hopelessness and depression in CIP patients and suggest that these psychological factors represent potentially modifiable treatment targets that may improve outcomes in this vulnerable population. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Cannabis; Depression; First-episode psychosis; Hopelessness; Treatment outcomes |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260407 Date Completed: 20260714 Latest Revision: 20260812 |
| Update Code: | 20260812 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108699 |
| PMID: | 41946034 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1873-6327 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108699 |