Academic Journal
Spatial identification of areas suitable for other effective area-based conservation measures in the European Union.
| Τίτλος: | Spatial identification of areas suitable for other effective area-based conservation measures in the European Union. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Kefalas G; Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece., Lorilla RS; Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece., Boutsios S; Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece., Bormpoudakis D; Operational Unit BEYOND Centre for Earth Observation Research and Satellite Remote Sensing, IAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece.; Callisto Wildlife and Nature Conservation Society, Thessaloniki, Greece., Bonnet P; AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Montpellier, France., Demertzi A; Department of Forest and Natural Environment, Democritus University of Thrace, Drama, Greece., Liquete C; Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy., Vogiatzakis IΝ; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Open University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.; Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy., Tzanopoulos J; Kent Interdisciplinary Centre for Spatial Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.; Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, Marlowe Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK., Upton J; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK., Howland E; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK., Bingham H; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK., Apostolopoulou K; Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece., Burgess N; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK.; Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Drakou EG; Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece. |
| Πηγή: | Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology [Conserv Biol] 2026 Aug; Vol. 40 (4), pp. e70263. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 21. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Blackwell Publishing, Inc. on behalf of the Society for Conservation Biology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9882301 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1523-1739 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08888892 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Conserv Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Malden, MA : Blackwell Publishing, Inc. on behalf of the Society for Conservation Biology Original Publication: Boston, Mass. : Blackwell Scientific Publications |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Conservation of Natural Resources*/methods , Conservation of Natural Resources*/legislation & jurisprudence , Biodiversity*, European Union ; Ecosystem ; Animals ; Greece ; France |
| Περίληψη: | Although significant biodiversity has been safeguarded by protected areas (PAs), biodiversity trends continue downward. Within the frameworks of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 and the new EU Restoration Regulation (2024), conserving critical biodiversity areas is essential. One promising approach is other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs), which offer alternative pathways for in situ conservation. We identified sites across the EU that are not PAs but could contribute to conservation and be recognized as OECMs, and determined the potential contribution of these sites to biodiversity conservation. We partially applied the IUCN framework for OECM establishment across the entire EU with a focus on Greece and France. This framework is a three-step process (screening, consent, and full assessment), the full application of which requires data related to the governance and management regime of the area, long-term goals, and other site-specific information. Such data are typically available only at the site-based level. Hence, we based our analyses primarily on capturing biodiversity values within geographically defined areas based on freely available European data (e.g., landscape indices, habitats, and species statuses). We found that areas suitable for OECMs could cover up to 10% of European land and make substantial contributions to the EU's target of protecting 30% of its land by 2030. At the national level, we found that achieving biodiversity conservation outcomes with OECMs was uncertain. Accordingly, OECM confirmation must account for both the biodiversity value of proposed sites and the governance and management practices that support their effectiveness. Our approach highlights the potential of OECMs to enhance conservation efforts in support of a more resilient biodiversity landscape across Europe. (© 2026 The Author(s). Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.) |
| References: | Araújo, M. B., & Alagador, D. (2024). Expanding European protected areas through rewilding. Current Biology, 34, 3931.e5–3940.e5. Belote, R. T., & Wilson, M. B. (2020). Delineating greater ecosystems around protected areas to guide conservation. Conservation Science and Practice, 2, Article e196. Cantú‐Salazar, L., & Gaston, K. J. (2010). Very large protected areas and their contribution to terrestrial biological conservation. Bioscience, 60, 808–818. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). (2018). Decision 14/8: Protected areas and other effective area‐based conservation measures. https://www.cbd.int/decision/cop‐14/cop‐14‐dec‐08‐en.pdf. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). (2022). Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop‐15/cop‐15‐dec‐04‐en.pdf. Cuadros‐Casanova, I., Cristiano, A., Biancolini, D., Cimatti, M., Sessa, A. A., Mendez Angarita, V. Y., Dragonetti, C., Pacifici, M., Rondinini, C., & Di Marco, M. (2023). Opportunities and challenges for Common Agricultural Policy reform to support the European Green Deal. Conservation Biology, 37, Article e14052. Danielsen, F., Ali, N., Andrianandrasana, H. T., Baquero, A., Basilius, U., de Araujo Lima Constantino, P., Despot‐Belmonte, K., Frederiksen, P. O., Isaac, M., Jakobsen, P. K., Klimmek, H., Mapendembe, A., Meng, H., Schmidt‐Vogt, D., Sophat, S., Sulyandziga, R., Virnig, A. L. S., Zhang, D., & Burgess, N. D (2024). Involving citizens in monitoring the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Nature Sustainability, 7, 1730–1739. Díaz, S., Settele, J., Brondízio, E. S., Ngo, H. T., Agard, J., Arneth, A., Balvanera, P., Brauman, K. A., Butchart, S. H. M., Chan, K. M. A., Lucas, A. G., Ichii, K., Liu, J., Subramanian, S. M., Midgley, G. F., Miloslavich, P., Molnár, Z., Obura, D., Pfaff, A., … Zayas, C. N (2019). Pervasive human‐driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change. Science, 366, Article eaax3100. Dudley, N. (2008). Guidelines for applying protected area management categories. IUCN. Elleason, M., Guan, Z., Deng, Y., Jiang, A., Goodale, E., & Mammides, C. (2021). Strictly protected areas are not necessarily more effective than areas in which multiple human uses are permitted. Ambio, 50, 1058–1073.. Ellwanger, G., Runge, S., Wagner, M., Ackermann, W., Neukirchen, M., Frederking, W., Müller, C., Ssymank, A., & Sukopp, U. (2018). Current status of habitat monitoring in the European Union according to Article 17 of the Habitats Directive, with an emphasis on habitat structure and functions and on Germany. Nature Conservation, 29, 57–78. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.27273. European Commission (EC). (2020a). The state of Nature in the European Union. Report on the status of and trends for habitat types and species covered by the Birds and Habitats Directives for the 2013–2018 period as required under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive and Article 12 of the Birds Directive. Brussels. European Commission (EC). (2019). The European Green Deal. Publications Office of the European Union. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_19_6691. European Commission (EC). (2020b). EU biodiversity strategy for 2030: Bringing nature back into our lives. Publications Office of the European Union. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/biodiversity‐strategy‐2030_en. European Environment Agenct (EEA). (2021). Landscape fragmentation Effective Mesh Density time series. https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/api/records/9d0b51f9‐047d‐4af1‐89eb‐3756e46ffc53. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2012). High nature value farmland in Europe dataset. European Environment Agency. https://www.eea.europa.eu/data‐and‐maps/data/high‐nature‐value‐farmland. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2022). Conservation status of habitat types and species: Template for quality and metadata reporting—Annex III. https://www.eea.europa.eu/data‐and‐maps/data/article‐17‐database‐habitats‐directive‐92‐43‐eec‐2/reference‐quality‐framework/annex‐iii‐conservation‐status‐of. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2024a). Nature protection and restoration. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in‐depth/nature‐protection‐and‐restoration. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2024b). The European inventory of nationally designated areas. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/datahub/datahubitem‐view/f60cec02‐6494‐4d08‐b12d‐17a37012cb28. Grantham, H. S., Duncan, A., Evans, T. D., Jones, K. R., Beyer, H. L., Schuster, R., Walston, J., Ray, J. C., Robinson, J. G., Callow, M., Clements, T., Costa, H. M., Degemmis, A., Elsen, P. R., Ervin, J., Franco, P., Goldman, E., Goetz, S., Hansen, A., … Watson, J. E. M. (2020). Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity. Nature Communications, 11, Article 5978. Gurney, G. G., Darling, E. S., Ahmadia, G. N., Agostini, V. N., Ban, N. C., Blythe, J., Claudet, J., Epstein, G., Estradivari, Himes‐Cornell, A., Jonas, H. D., Armitage, D., Campbell, S. J., Cox, C., Friedman, W. R., Gill, D., Lestari, P., Mangubhai, S., Mcleod, E., … Jupiter, S. D. (2021). Biodiversity needs every tool in the box: Use OECMs. Nature, 595, 646–649. Hermoso, V., Carvalho, S. B., Giakoumi, S., Goldsborough, D., Katsanevakis, S., Leontiou, S., Markantonatou, V., Rumes, B., Vogiatzakis, I. N., & Yates, K. L. (2022). The EU biodiversity strategy for 2030: Opportunities and challenges on the path towards biodiversity recovery. Environmental Science & Policy, 127, 263–271. Hilty, J. A., & Laur, A. T. (2021). Ecological networks and corridors in the context of global initiatives. Parks Stewardship Forum, 37, 464–476. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80q938c. Hoffmann, S. (2022). Challenges and opportunities of area‐based conservation in reaching biodiversity and sustainability goals. Biodiversity and Conservation, 31, 325–352. Ibisch, P. L., Hoffmann, M. T., Kreft, S., Pe'er, G., Kati, V., Biber‐Freudenberger, L., DellaSala, D. A., Vale, M. M., Hobson, P. R., & Selva, N. (2016). A global map of roadless areas and their conservation status. Science, 354, 1423–1427.. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). (2016). A global standard for the identification of key biodiversity areas. Version 1.0. Author. IUCN SSC/WCPA. (2022). Guidelines for using a global standard for the identification of key biodiversity areas. Version 1.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. IUCN‐WCPA Task Force on OECMs. (2019). Recognising and reporting other effective area‐based conservation measures. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Jaeger, J. A. G. (2000). Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: New measures of landscape fragmentation. Landscape Ecology, 15, 115–130. Jonas, H. D., Barbuto, V., Jonas, Kothari, A., & Nelson, F. (2014). New steps of change: Looking beyond protected areas to consider other effective area‐based conservation measures. PARKS, 20, 111–128. Jonas, H. D., MacKinnon, K., Marnewick, D., & Wood, P. (2023). Site‐level tool for identifying other effective area‐based conservation measures (OECMs) (1st ed.). IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51296. Jones, K. R., Venter, O., Fuller, R. A., Allan, J. R., Maxwell, S. L., Negret, P. J., & Watson, J. E. M. (2018). One‐third of global protected land is under intense human pressure. Science, 360, 788–791.. Kanellou, E., Papafotiou, M., Saitanis, C., & Economou, G. (2024). Ecological analysis and opportunities for enhancement of the archaeological landscape: The vascular flora of seven archaeological sites in Greece. Environments, 11, Article 16. Kati, V., Hovardas, T., Dieterich, M., Ibisch, P. L., Mihok, B., & Selva, N. (2015). The challenge of implementing the European network of protected areas Natura 2000. Conservation Biology, 29, 260–270.. Kati, V., Kassara, C., Vrontisi, Z., & Moustakas, A. (2021). The biodiversity–wind energy–land use nexus in a global biodiversity hotspot. Science of the Total Environment, 768, Article 144471.. Kearney, S. G., Carwardine, J., Reside, A. E., Adams, V. M., Nelson, R., Coggan, A., Spindler, R., & Watson, J. E. M. (2022). Saving species beyond the protected area fence: Threats must be managed across multiple land tenure types to secure Australia's endangered species. Conservation Science and Practice, 4, Article e617. Kefalas, G., Lorilla, R. S., Bormpoudakis, D., & Drakou, E. (2025). Review of key biodiversity data in Europe. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/1700453. Kiesecker, J., Baruch‐Mordo, S., Kennedy, C. M., Oakleaf, J. R., Baccini, A., & Griscom, B. W. (2019). Hitting the target but missing the mark: Unintended environmental consequences of the Paris Climate Agreement. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 7, Article 151. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00151. Kudrnovsky, H., Ellmauer, T., Götzl, M., Paternoster, D., & Sonderegger, G. (2020). Report for a list of Annex I habitat types important for pollinators. ETC/BD report to the EEA. https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc‐bd/products/etc‐bd‐reports/etc‐bd‐technical‐paper‐1‐2020‐report‐for‐a‐list‐of‐annex‐i‐habitat‐types‐important‐for‐pollinators. Lázaro, C., Dudley, N., Jonas, H., Lewis, E., Gerritsen, E., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, D., & Heinonen, M. (2021). Assess the potential of other effective area‐based conservation measures as a driver for landscape‐level conservation and connectivity in the EU. UNEP‐WCMC, IEEP, and Trinomics. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17822.46402. Liu, Q., Tang, X., Hang, T., Wu, Y., Liu, Y., Song, T., & Song, Y. (2024). Exploring the performance of protected areas in alleviating future human pressure. Ambio, 53, 1323–1335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280‐024‐02023‐6. Lorilla, R. S., Kefalas, G., Bormpoudakis, D., & Drakou, E. (2025). An overview of biodiversity data reporting by Member States under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive for the reporting period 2013–2018. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/1928210. Mammides, C. (2020). A global analysis of the drivers of human pressure within protected areas at the national level. Sustainability Science, 15, 1223–1232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625‐020‐00809‐7. Margules, C. R., & Pressey, R. L. (2000). Systematic conservation planning. Nature, 405, 243–253.. Marnewick, D., Stevens, C., Jonas, H., Antrobus‐Wuth, R., Wilson, N., & Theron, N. (2021). Assessing the extent and contribution of OECMs in South Africa. PARKS, 27, 57–70. Maxwell, S. L., Cazalis, V., Dudley, N., Hoffmann, M., Rodrigues, A. S. L., Stolton, S., Visconti, P., Woodley, S., Kingston, N., Lewis, E., Maron, M., Strassburg, B. B. N., Wenger, A., Jonas, H. D., Venter, O., & Watson, J. E. M. (2020). Area‐based conservation in the twenty‐first century. Nature, 586, 217–227. Mazaris, A. D., Almpanidou, V., Giakoumi, S., & Katsanevakis, S. (2018). Gaps and challenges of the European network of protected sites in the marine realm. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75, 190–198. Nagendra, H., & Ostrom, E. (2012). Polycentric governance of multifunctional forested landscapes. International Journal of the Commons, 6, 104–133. Naumann, S., Noebel, R., Fuchs, G., & Roscher, S. (2021). Protected area management in the EU: Supporting the advancement of the Trans‐European Nature Network (Technical paper No. 3/2021). European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity. OpenStreetMap contributors. (2024). OpenStreetMap. OpenStreetMap Foundation. Available as open data under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) at openstreetmap.org. Opermanis, O., MacSharry, B., Aunins, A., & Sipkova, Z. (2012). Connectedness and connectivity of the Natura 2000 network of protected areas across country borders in the European Union. Biological Conservation, 153, 227–238. Panitsa, M., Trigas, P., Kontakos, D., Valli, A. T., & Iatrou, G. (2022). Natural and cultural heritage interaction: Aspects of plant diversity in three East Peloponnesian castles (Greece) and conservation evaluation. Plant Biosystems, 156, 538–552. Paracchini, M. L., Petersen, J. E., Hoogeveen, Y., Bamps, C., Burfield, I., & van Swaay, C. (2008). High nature value farmland in Europe: An estimate of the distribution patterns on the basis of land cover and biodiversity data. JRC Scientific and Technical Reports. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Pereira, H. M., Martins, I. S., Rosa, I. M. D., Kim, H., Leadley, P., Popp, A., Van Vuuren, D. P., Hurtt, G., Quoss, L., Arneth, A., Baisero, D., Bakkenes, M., Chaplin‐Kramer, R., Chini, L., Di Marco, M., Ferrier, S., Fujimori, S., Guerra, C. A., Harfoot, M., … Alkemade, R. (2024). Global trends and scenarios for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900 to 2050. Science, 384, 458–465. Petza, D., Chalkias, C., Koukourouvli, N., Coll, M., Vassilopoulou, V., Karachle, P. K., Markantonatou, V., Tsikliras, A. C., & Katsanevakis, S. (2019). An operational framework to assess the value of fisheries restricted areas for marine conservation. Marine Policy, 102, 28–39. Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, D., Sánchez‐Espinosa, A., & Abdul Malak, D. (2021). Potential contribution of OECMs to international area‐based conservation targets in a biodiversity rich country, Spain. Journal for Nature Conservation, 62, Article 126019. Stephenson, P. J., & Stengel, C. (2020). An inventory of biodiversity data sources for conservation monitoring. PLoS ONE, 15, Article e0242923. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242923. Stropp, J., Ladle, R. J., Malhado, M. A. C., Hortal, J., Gaffuri, J., Temperley, W. H., Olav Skøien, J., & Mayaux, P. (2016). Mapping ignorance: 300 years of collecting flowering plants in Africa. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 25, 1085–1096. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12468. Tsiafouli, M. A., Apostolopoulou, E., Mazaris, A. D., Kallimanis, A. S., Drakou, E. G., & Pantis, J. D. (2013). Human activities in Natura 2000 sites: A highly diversified conservation network. Environmental Management, 51, 1025–1033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267‐013‐0036‐6. UNEP‐WCMC, & IUCN. (2024). Protected Planet Report 2024. UNEP‐WCMC & IUCN. UNEP‐WCMC, & IUCN. (2025). Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), June 2025. UNEP‐WCMC & IUCN. www.protectedplanet.net. Valente, J. J., Gannon, D. G., Hightower, J., Kim, H., Leimberger, K. G., Macedo, R., Rousseau, J. S., Weldy, M. J., Zitomer, R. A., Fahrig, L., Fletcher, R. J., Jr., Wu, J., & Betts, M. G. (2023). Toward conciliation in the habitat fragmentation and biodiversity debate. Landscape Ecology, 38, 2717–2730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980‐023‐01708‐9. Visconti, P., Butchart, S. H. M., Brooks, T. M., Langhammer, P. F., Marnewick, D., Vergara, S., Yanosky, A., & Watson, J. E. M. (2019). Protected area targets post‐2020. Science, 364, 239–241.. Visseren‐Hamakers, I. J., Razzaque, J., Mcelwee, P., Turnhout, E., Kelemen, E., Rusch, G. M., Fernández‐Llamazares, Á., Chan, I., Lim, M., Islar, M., Gautam, A. P., Williams, M., Mungatana, E., Karim, M. S., Muradian, R., Gerber, L. R., Lui, G., Liu, J., Spangenberg, J. H., & Zaleski, D. (2021). Transformative governance of biodiversity: Insights for sustainable development. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 53, 20–28. Vogiatzakis, I. N., & Stavrinides, M. C. (2024). Giving nature half of Cyprus: The quest for conservation allies. Journal for Nature Conservation, 82, Article 126748. Xu, H., Cao, Y., Yu, D., Cao, M., He, Y., Gill, M., & Pereira, H. M. (2021). Ensuring effective implementation of the post‐2020 global biodiversity targets. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 5, 411–418. Zeng, Y., Senior, R. A., Crawford, C. L., & Wilcove, D. S. (2023). Gaps and weaknesses in the global protected area network for safeguarding at‐risk species. Science Advances, 9, Article eadg0288.. |
| Grant Information: | 10106069 European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme; CA21158 European Union COST Action |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: EU Restoration Law; Europa; Europe; Ley de Restauración UE; OECMs; OMCE; biodiversity conservation; conservación de la biodiversidad; protected areas; Áreas protegidas; 《欧盟自然恢复法》; 保护区; 其他有效区域性保护措施(OECMs); 欧洲; 生物多样性保护 Local Abstract: [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] Identificación espacial de zonas adecuadas para otras medidas de conservación eficaces basadas en zonas en la Unión Europea Resumen Aunque las áreas protegidas (AP) han permitido salvaguardar una biodiversidad significativa, las tendencias en materia de biodiversidad siguen siendo negativas. En el marco de la Estrategia de Biodiversidad de la UE para 2030 y del nuevo Reglamento de la UE sobre restauración (2024), es esencial conservar las áreas críticas para la biodiversidad. Un enfoque prometedor son otras medidas de conservación eficaces basadas en áreas (OMCE), que ofrecen vías alternativas para la conservación in situ. Identificamos sitios en toda la UE que no son AP, pero que podrían contribuir a la conservación y ser reconocidos como OMCE, y determinamos la contribución potencial de estos sitios a la conservación de la biodiversidad. Aplicamos parcialmente el marco de la UICN para el establecimiento de OMCE en toda la UE, centrándonos en Grecia y Francia. Este marco es un proceso de tres pasos (selección, consentimiento y evaluación completa), cuya aplicación completa requiere datos relacionados con el régimen de gobernanza y gestión de la zona, los objetivos a largo plazo y otra información específica del lugar. Por lo general, estos datos solo están disponibles a nivel local. Por lo tanto, basamos nuestros análisis principalmente en la captura de los valores de biodiversidad dentro de áreas geográficamente definidas a partir de datos europeos de libre acceso (por ejemplo, índices de paisaje, hábitats y estado de las especies). Descubrimos que las áreas adecuadas para los OMCE podrían cubrir hasta el 10 % del territorio europeo y contribuir de manera sustancial al objetivo de la UE de proteger el 30 % de su territorio para 2030. A nivel nacional, descubrimos que el logro de resultados en materia de conservación de la biodiversidad con las OMCE era incierto. Por consiguiente, la confirmación de las OMCE debe tener en cuenta tanto el valor de la biodiversidad de los sitios propuestos como las prácticas de gobernanza y gestión que respaldan su eficacia. Nuestro enfoque destaca el potencial de las OMCE para mejorar los esfuerzos de conservación en apoyo de un paisaje de biodiversidad más resiliente en toda Europa. [Publisher, Chinese] 【摘要】 尽管保护区已保护了大量生物多样性, 但生物多样性持续下降的趋势仍未得到遏止。在《欧盟2030年生物多样性战略》及新版《欧盟自然恢复法》(2024)框架下, 保护关键生物多样性区域至关重要。其他有效区域性保护措施(other effective area‐based conservation measures, OECMs)作为一种有前景的方法, 为就地保护提供了替代路径。我们识别了欧盟范围内未被划为保护区, 但可贡献保护价值、且有潜力被认定为OECMs的位点, 并评估了这些位点对生物多样性保护的潜在贡献。我们在欧盟范围内部分应用了国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)的OECM建立框架, 重点关注希腊和法国。该框架包含三个步骤(筛选、同意和全面评估), 其完整应用需要关于区域治理及管理制度、长期目标, 以及其他位点特异性信息的数据, 而这些数据通常是位点水平的。因此, 我们的分析主要基于可公开获取的欧洲地区数据(如景观指数、栖息地与物种状况), 在地理界定的区域内评估生物多样性价值。研究发现, 适宜建立OECMs的区域可覆盖欧洲陆地面积的10%, 对欧盟实现“2030年前保护30%陆地”的目标具有重大贡献。在国家尺度上, 我们发现通过OECMs实现生物多样性保护目标仍存在不确定性。因此, OECMs的认定必须同时考虑拟定区域的生物多样性价值及支持其保护有效性所需的治理与管理实践。我们的方法强调了OECMs在加强保护工作方面的潜力, 来帮助在欧洲构建更具恢复力的生物多样性景观。【翻译:胡怡思;审校:聂永刚】. |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260321 Date Completed: 20260723 Latest Revision: 20260726 |
| Update Code: | 20260726 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13392769 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/cobi.70263 |
| PMID: | 41863141 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1523-1739 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1111/cobi.70263 |