Effect of laughter yoga on fatigue, sleep quality and psychological well-being in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial.

Bibliographic Details
Title: Effect of laughter yoga on fatigue, sleep quality and psychological well-being in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Kaplan N; Atatürk University, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: nurgul.kaplan@gop.edu.tr., Tan M; Atatürk University, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing Professor, Erzurum, Turkey., Aksoy D; Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Tokat, Turkey.
Source: Multiple sclerosis and related disorders [Mult Scler Relat Disord] 2026 May; Vol. 109, pp. 107098. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 26.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier B. V Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101580247 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2211-0356 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22110348 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mult Scler Relat Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: [Amsterdam] : Elsevier B. V.
MeSH Terms: Fatigue*/etiology , Fatigue*/therapy , Fatigue*/rehabilitation , Laughter Therapy*/methods , Multiple Sclerosis*/complications , Multiple Sclerosis*/psychology , Multiple Sclerosis*/therapy , Multiple Sclerosis*/rehabilitation , Sleep Quality*, Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Laughter ; Psychological Well-Being ; Treatment Outcome
Abstract: Background and Purpose: Symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and impaired psychological well-being are common in individuals Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, studies on the use of laughter yoga, a non-invasive intervention method, are very limited in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of laughter yoga on fatigue, sleep quality and psychological well-being in individuals with MS.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 42 people with MS were randomly assigned to intervention or control group. The intervention group received a total of 12 sessions of laughter yoga. Descriptive Information Form, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) were used to collect data.
Results: Laughter yoga was associated with improvements in fatigue and sleep outcomes. Fatigue severity decreased substantially in the intervention group (Cohen's d = 2.785), with no meaningful change observed in the control group. Sleep quality improved in the intervention group, as indicated by reduced Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (p < 0.001, d = 2.921). Psychological well-being increased within the intervention group (d = -1.505); however, the between-group effect at post-test was small (d = 0.485).
Conclusion: Laughter yoga showed statistically significant results in terms of decreasing fatigue level, increasing sleep quality and psychological well-being in individuals with MS. The findings suggest that laughter yoga is a low-cost and effective complementary psycho-social intervention that can be used in clinical settings within the scope of nursing practice. This intervention offers an evidence-based approach that can be integrated into nursing care to manage fatigue and sleep problems and improve psychological well-being in individuals with MS. For the generalizability of the effects of laughter yoga, studies with larger samples are needed.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known financial or personal conflicts of interest that could have influenced the findings or interpretation of this study.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Laughter yoga; Multiple sclerosis; Nurse; Psychological well-being; Sleep quality fatigue
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260301 Date Completed: 20260709 Latest Revision: 20260731
Update Code: 20260801
DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107098
PMID: 41764939
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:2211-0356
DOI:10.1016/j.msard.2026.107098